Class 5 - Social Study Key Points NotesPunjab curriculum and textbook board Lahore (PCTBL)Chapter: Geography
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Question and Answer through Lesson
Q. What is the difference between Climate and Weather?
The differences between Climate and Weather are listed below:
Climate:
1. Climate is how the atmosphere "acts" over relatively long periods.
For example, the summer in southern Punjab is hot, and the month of December is cold, etc.
2. The climate of an area is determined by the long-term averaging of weather conditions.
3. The study of climate is called climatology.
4. The people who study climate are called climatologists.
Weather:
1. Weather is about the conditions of the atmosphere over a short period of time. or day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere is called weather.
For example, the hourly weather condition on your mobile for your city b may show 1:00 pm - rainy, 2:00pm - partially cloudy and 3:00 pm-sunny
2. The weather of a certain place is the situation at that instant.
3. The study of weather is called meteorology.
4. The people who study weather are metrologists.
Q. What is Global warming?
Or
Define Global warming.
The average increase in the global temperature of the Earth by man-made inventions is called global warming.
Q. What is the main cause of global warming?
The main causes of global warming are:
1. The release of great amounts of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane etc. by man-made inventions, such as cars and industries.
2. Deforestation: The trees take in the carbon dioxide from the air to normalize the temperature. But, due to deforestation, the amount of carbon dioxide increases day by day, which raises the Earth's temperature.
Q. What is a climate change?
Clime changes is change in long-term averages of daily weather.
Q. What a Natural disasters include?
Natural disasters include earthquakes, floods, and volcanoes.
Q. What are natural disasters and their Effect on Human Life?
Any disaster having adverse effects on the lives of living beings resulting from the natural processes of Earth is called a natural disaster. The major natural disasters are:
Earthquake
The sudden trembling or shaking of the Earth is called an earthquake. This shaking of the Earth can cause injuries or even deaths on a large scale. In 2005, Pakistan witnessed a disastrous earthquake in which more than 80 thousand people died and 85 thousand plus casualties were reported. The earthquake also destroys homes, buildings, and road infrastructure. More than 2.8 million people became homeless during this earthquake.
Floods
The overflow of water from the river channels that affect the nearby area and living beings is called a flood.
A major flood hit Pakistan-
in 2010. More than 2000 people died and almost 20 million people were affected.
Landslide
The downward movement of land, soil, rock, or its combination down a slope is a landslide.
An avalanche is a type of landslide. Every year casualties and ths are reported due to landslides in the northern areas of Pakistan.
Volcanism
The eruption of lava from a mount or hill is called volcanism. They are highly explosive and cause an earthquake. Moving lava can kill people, and disrupt anything that comes in its way. The volcanic eruption also adds dust and ash particles to the atmosphere causing difficulties in breathing. Almost 23,000 people died in 1985 o volcanic eruptions in Colombia.
Q. What safety measures should be adopted in case of floods?
In case of floods following safety measures should be adopted:
1. Listen to radio and television for information.
2. Follow the guidelines of local administration.
3. Do not go to the flooded area.
4. Stay away from moving water.
5. In case of moving in water, use a stick to check the ground.
6. Stay away from electric lines and poles.
7. Switch off all electric appliances and turn off the electric supply.)
8. Try to move to the upper grounds in time if the flood is on the way to you.
9. Be aware of streams and channels.
Q. What safety measures should be adopted in case of earthquake?
In case of an earthquake following safety measures should be adopted;
1. If outside, stay away from electric lines, electric poles and trees.
2. Move towards an open ground away from houses and buildings. If indoors, stay away from glass windows and glass doors.
3. Don't stand at a place where things may fall on top of you.
3. Try to stay in the stairs.
4. Move under the table, desk or anything made of wood.
5. If you are at school, college or in the office, follow the instructions of the administration.
Q. How we can save our lives and reduce the damage caused by natural disasters.
We can save ourselves from natural disasters if we follow safety measures issued by the government for every natural disaster.
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