4.1.1. The if statement, Chapter - 4, Control Structures, HSSC-II (12th Class) Computer Science Key Point Notes

12th Class (HSSC-II) Computer SLO Based Key Point Notes

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Unit 4: Control Structures

4-1-1 The if statement

The if statement is a decision-making statement that is used to execute or skip a statement by checking a condition.

General Syntax:

        if (condition)
        {
        statements;
        }

Flow chart

Explanation:

• The condition is evaluated.
• If the condition is true, the block of statement within the braces is executed.
• If the condition is false, the block of statements is skipped and control is transferred to the next statement after the closing brace.
• If there is a single statement to be executed then braces are not required.

Example

Write a program that inputs marks and displays “Congratulations, You have passed” if the marks are 40 or more.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
            clrscr();
            int marks;
            cout<<“Please enter your Marks: “;
            cin>>marks;
            if (marks >= 40)
            {
            cout<<“Congratulations, You have passed”;
            }
            getch();
}

Limitation of if statement

if the statement is the simplest selection structure which executes the statement or set of statements if the condition is true, but if the condition is false then nothing will happen. 

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4.1. Control Structure

4-1-1 The if statement

4.1.3. The else-if Statement:

4.1.4. The Switch Statement:

4.1.5. Differentiate between ELSE- IF and SWITCH

4.2. Loop

4.2.1. The for Loop

4.2.2. The While loop:

4.2.3. The do-while loop

4.2.4. Differentiate between while and do-while loop

4.2.5. The break and Continue Statement

4.2.6 Exit() Function

4.2.7. Nested Loop

Chapter 4 (Complete Key Point Notes)

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