Computer Science  SLO Based Key Point Notes

👉👉👉Computer Science 12th Class Notes (Main Page)

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Unit 1: OPERATING SYSTEM


1.2: Operating System Functions


Block diagram of Operating System Functions



Operating System Functions

The following are the functions performed by the operating system:

1. Process Management

A process is a program in execution.


2. Memory Management

It is a part of the OS that controls and manages the operations of main memory.

3. File Management

  • It is a part of the OS that manages files and folders on storage devices such as hard disks, USB flash drives CDs/DVD,s etc.
  • It allows the users to perform operations such as copying, creating, moving, renaming deleting, and searching files and folders.
  • It also allows the user to perform read, write open, and close operations on file folders.

4. I/O Management

  • It is the part of OS that controls all the I/O operations during program execution.
  • It manages all the INPUT/OUTPUT operations of I/O and storage devices.
  • The user communicates with a computer with different I/O devices i.e. Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, etc.
  • It also detects and handles errors during data transmission.

5. Secondary Storage Management

  • It is the part of the OS that manages free space and storage allocation of user programs and data on secondary storage devices.
  • It also allocates and deallocates the storage space to user programs.

6. Network Management

  • It is the part of OS the that monitors and manages the resources of a network.
  • It allows to creation of user groups and assigns privileges to them.
  • It shares the network resources among users and detects and fixes network problems.

7. Protection System

It is the part of the OS that ensures 

8. Command Interpreter

  • It is part of the OS that provides an interface between the user and the computer system.
  • It is a file in OS that reads and executes user commands entered as text through the keyboard.
  • For example, WINDOWS OS uses the cmd.exe file as a command interpreter.


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👉👉👉Computer Science 12th Class Notes (Main Page)

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(National Book Foundation - As Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad 
Based on National Curriculum Pakistan 2026-2027 and Onward prescribed by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Islamabad, and All Pakistan Boards) 

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