12th Class (HSSC-II) Computer SLO Based Key Point Notes
(National Book Foundation - As Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad Based on National Curriculum Pakistan 2023-2024 and Onward prescribed by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Islamabad, and All Pakistan Boards)
(National Book Foundation - As Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad
Based on National Curriculum Pakistan 2023-2024 and Onward prescribed by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Islamabad, and All Pakistan Boards)
{Contact WhatsApp # 03339719149 for Class-XII Computer Science Complete SLO-Based Key Points notes in pdf format as well as in PowerPoint Presentation for preparing/delivering the Lectures}
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👉👉👉Computer Science 12th Class Notes (Main Page)
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Unit 1: OPERATING SYSTEM
1.1.3 Types of Operating Systems
Batch Processing Operating System
A Batch-processing OS groups together the same type of jobs in batches and automatically executes them one by one.
Multiprogramming Operating System
It is software that loads one or more programs in the main memory and executes them using a single CPU.
Multitasking Operating System
- It is software that performs multiple tasks at the same time on a computer that has a single CPU.
- The CPU executes only one program at a time but it rapidly switches between multiple programs and it appears as if all the user's programs are being executed at the same time.
- For Example, the user can edit a text document while a webpage is being loaded in the browser.
- It is software that performs multiple tasks at the same time on a computer that has a single CPU.
- The CPU executes only one program at a time but it rapidly switches between multiple programs and it appears as if all the user's programs are being executed at the same time.
- For Example, the user can edit a text document while a webpage is being loaded in the browser.
Time-Sharing Operating System
- It is software that shares the CPU time between multiple programs that are loaded in the main memory.
- It gives a very short period of CPU to each program which is called time slice or quantum.
- It is used in mini and mainframe computers that support a large number of users.
- These computers support a large number of users in big organizations such as Airlines, Banks, etc.
- It is software that shares the CPU time between multiple programs that are loaded in the main memory.
- It gives a very short period of CPU to each program which is called time slice or quantum.
- It is used in mini and mainframe computers that support a large number of users.
- These computers support a large number of users in big organizations such as Airlines, Banks, etc.
Real-Time Operating System
- It is software that runs a real-time application that must process data as soon as it comes and provides an immediate response.
- They are used in the fields where a quick response is critical.
- Some applications of real-time operating systems are as follows:
- It is commonly used in space research programs
- Real-time traffic control and control of industrial processes such as oil refining.
- Automated Car Assembly Plant.
- Air traffic system.
- Heart Pacemaker system.
- Scientific experiments for Nuclear reactors.
- Medical Science application(Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scan, Radiation therapy).
- Defense applications(Missile guidance system, anti-missile system, Satellite missile system), etc.
- It is software that runs a real-time application that must process data as soon as it comes and provides an immediate response.
- They are used in the fields where a quick response is critical.
- Some applications of real-time operating systems are as follows:
- It is commonly used in space research programs
- Real-time traffic control and control of industrial processes such as oil refining.
- Automated Car Assembly Plant.
- Air traffic system.
- Heart Pacemaker system.
- Scientific experiments for Nuclear reactors.
- Medical Science application(Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Scan, Radiation therapy).
- Defense applications(Missile guidance system, anti-missile system, Satellite missile system), etc.
Multiprocessor Operating System
- It is software that controls the operations of two or more CPUs within a single computer system.
- All CPUs share the same memory and I/O devices.
- It is used to obtain very high speed to process large amounts of data.
- It executes a single program using many CPUs at the same time.
- It improves the processing speed.
- The computer needs complex architecture to support multiprocessing.
- It is software that controls the operations of two or more CPUs within a single computer system.
- All CPUs share the same memory and I/O devices.
- It is used to obtain very high speed to process large amounts of data.
- It executes a single program using many CPUs at the same time.
- It improves the processing speed.
- The computer needs complex architecture to support multiprocessing.
Parallel Processing Operating System
- It is software that executes programs developed in a parallel programming language.
- It uses many processors at the same time.
- It divided the task of a program into many smaller tasks and processed them on multiple processors at the same time.
- It is used in Supercomputers that have thousands of processors.
- It is software that executes programs developed in a parallel programming language.
- It uses many processors at the same time.
- It divided the task of a program into many smaller tasks and processed them on multiple processors at the same time.
- It is used in Supercomputers that have thousands of processors.
Distributed Operating System
- It is software that manages the operation of a distributed system which allows the execution of applications software on different computers in a network.
- In a distributed system, user programs may run on any computer and access data on any other computer in the network and users of a program do not know on which computer their programs are running.
- It is software that manages the operation of a distributed system which allows the execution of applications software on different computers in a network.
- In a distributed system, user programs may run on any computer and access data on any other computer in the network and users of a program do not know on which computer their programs are running.
Embedded Operating System
- It is a built-in operating system that is embedded in the hardware of the device that controls the functions of the device such as Microwave oven, TV, ATM, Digital Camera, Washing machines, Games, etc.
- It runs automatically when the device is turned on and performs a specific task.
- It is a built-in operating system that is embedded in the hardware of the device that controls the functions of the device such as Microwave oven, TV, ATM, Digital Camera, Washing machines, Games, etc.
- It runs automatically when the device is turned on and performs a specific task.
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1.1.1 Introduction to Operating System:
1.1.2 Commonly Used Operating Systems
1.1.3 Types of Operating Systems
1.1.4 Single User and Multiuser Operating Systems
1.2: Operating System Functions
1.3.1 Process Definition:
1.3.2 Various States of a Process
1.3.3 Thread and Process
1.3.4 Multithreading:
1.3.5 Multitasking:
1.3.4 Multithreading:
1.1.1 Introduction to Operating System:
1.1.2 Commonly Used Operating Systems
1.1.3 Types of Operating Systems
1.1.4 Single User and Multiuser Operating Systems
1.2: Operating System Functions
1.3.1 Process Definition:
1.3.2 Various States of a Process
1.3.3 Thread and Process
1.3.4 Multithreading:
1.3.5 Multitasking:
1.3.4 Multithreading:
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