11th Class (HSSC-I) Computer Science Notes:- Unit-1 "Introduction to Computers" Q2. (Long) Computer Software

Class 11 Computer Science (SLO Based) Notes 

For the Examination 2024 and onwards under the 

Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education (FBISE), Islamabad, Punjab Boards, Rawalpindi, Lahore, Karachi board, etc., and All other boards in Pakistan and abroad. 

Unit-1 

"Introduction to Computers"

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Class 8 Computer Science MCQs for practice (All Units Exercise) 

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Brief/Long Response Questions and Answers:

Q2. What is Computer Software? Explain in Detail.

Ans: 

Computer Software:

Software is a set of instructions given to computers for performing tasks and solving problems. Also called programs. 

Examples: Word processors, spreadsheets, games, database management systems, etc.

Types of computer software:

Computer software can be classified into:

1. System software
   
2. Application software
   
3. Internet applications
4. Licensed software, open source software, shareware, and freeware.

1. System software:

Software that controls and coordinates the activities of a computer system is called system software. It consists of programs designed to control hardware and manage software.

Types of system software:

1. Operating system
   
2. Device drivers
   
3. Utility software
   
4. Language processors/ translators

1. Operating system:

It controls and manages the hardware and software resources of the computer system and provides a user interface. A computer cannot work without an operating system.

Examples: Windows, LINUX , UNIX, MAC OS, Android, IOS, etc.

Tasks of the operating system:

• Loading and execution of programs.
  
• Allocating resources.
  
• Memory management.
• File management
• Storage management
• Providing user interface.
• Maintain security.
• Provide network facility.

2. Device Drivers:

• Software that controls the operation of hardware devices.
  
• Any device attached to the computer will not work properly without device drivers.
  
• Device drivers are provided by device manufacturers.
  
• Plug and Play devices have their drivers preinstalled in Windows.
  

3. Utility software:

• Perform functions that are beyond the capability of the operating system.
  
• Users can perform tasks easily and efficiently.

Examples: File manager, disk management utility, disk defragmenter, antivirus, file compression software, etc.

4. Language processors/ translators:

• Computer can only understand machine language which is in the form of 0 and 1.
  
• Programs are written in assembly language or high-level language.
  
• Language processors convert programs written in assembly or high-level language into machine language.
  

Types of Language Processors:

There are three types of language processors

Assembler: 

It translates assembly language program into machine language.

Compiler: 

it converts a high-level language program into machine language. The entire program is converted into machine language using the compiler.

Interpreter: 

It also converts a high-level language program into machine language. It translates one instruction at a time goes to the next instruction after executing the previous one.

2. Application software:

Application software is used to perform a particular task. For example word processors, games, spreadsheet software etc. 

Examples:

1. Productivity software.
2. Business software.
3. Entertainment software.
4. Educational software.

1. Productivity software:

• Designed to perform daily activities effectively and efficiently.
• Word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and graphic software are a few examples.

2. Business software: 

• It helps in performing business activities efficiently.
  
• For example payroll, inventory, accounting, etc.

3. Entertainment software:

• It is used to entertain people
• Examples: games,, media players, music software, etc.

4. Educational software:

• Used for learning purposes
  
• Examples: teaching about the human body, solar system, languages, typing, etc

3. Internet Applications:

1. Web applications
2. Cloud computing applications
3. Social media network application

1. Web applications:

• These programs run on a remote server.
  
• Users can interact with it using a browser or a client application.
  
• Examples: e-mail services, online banking, online ticket reservation, etc.

2. Cloud computing applications:

• It supports cloud computing.
  
• Users can access data and applications stored on a remote server using this application
  

Examples: iCloud, dropbox, etc.

3. Social media network application:

• Social media allows people to create and exchange information, ideas, interests, etc.
  
• It connects users with their friends, families, or colleagues.
  

Some popular Social media network applications are

i) Facebook:

• It is the most popular social media network application connecting billions of people around the world.
• It allows users to create profiles, exchange messages, and share photos videos, and links.
  
• Users can also create pages and groups based on common interests.

ii) Twitter:

• It is a news and social networking service

• It allows users to broadcast short messages called tweets to other subscribers.

• People can share their views about current affairs or other topics.

iii) WhatsApp;

• It is a free messaging service to exchange text, photos, audio or video, etc.
  
• It is very popular among people due to the features like audio and video call group chat, location sharing, etc.
• Available for all smartphone operating systems (iPhone, Android, Nokia, etc.)
  

4,. Licensed software, open source software, shareware/trialware freeware, and firmware.

Licensed software:

• A license is a legal agreement that gives the user the right to use the software.
• Licensed software is protected by copyright laws.
  
• One cannot make illegal copies of licensed software.
  
• Software copied or sold without the permission of the owner is called pirated software.
  

Example: Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Office, etc.

Open source software:

• A software whose source code is available for users to study, change or improve it.
  
• It is free for inspection modification and distribution.
  

Examples: LINUX, Open Office, etc.

Shareware/trialware:

• It is available free for a limited time period called a trial period.
  
• After the trial period expires user has to purchase the software.
  
• The trial version may have limited features or it stops working after it expires.
  

Examples: antivirus etc.

Freeware:

• It is available free with full features for unlimited time.
  
• It may have some restrictions like personal or educational use.
  

Examples: Browsers, SKYPE, games, Viber, etc

Firmware:

• The intermediate form between hardware and software
  
• Software embedded in devices during manufacturing.
  
• Programs stored in it do not need to be changed.
  
• Data is not lost used power is off.
  

Examples: toys, appliances, ROM, etc.

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Please Select from below 👇👇

Unit-1 (Important Short Q/A)

Short Q/A (1 to 10)
Short Q/A ( 11 to 20)
Short Q/A ( 21 to 30)
Short Q/A ( 31 to 40)
Short Q/A ( 41 to 50)
Short Q/A ( 51 to 60)

Unit-1 (Important Long Q/A)

Long Q/A No. 1

Long Q/A No. 2

Long Q/A No. 3

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Computer Science 11th Class Notes (Main Page)

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