Computer Science (SLO Based) Notes 

Unit-1 

"Introduction to Computers"

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1.  Short Response Questions and Answers:

Q11. What are the types of Computer Software?

Ans: 

Types of computer software:

Computer software can be classified into:

  1. System software
  2. Application software
  3. Internet applications
  4. Licensed software, open source software, shareware, and freeware.

    Q12. What is system software? Write its types.

    Ans: 

    System software:

    Software that controls and coordinates the activities of a computer system is called system software. It consists of programs designed to control hardware and manage software.

    Types of system software:

    1. Operating system
    2. Device drivers
    3. Utility software
    4. Language processors/ translators


    Q13. What is the Operating System? What kind of tasks does it do?

    Ans: 

    Operating system:

    It controls and manages the hardware and software resources of the computer system and provides a user interface. A computer cannot work without an operating system.

    Examples: Windows, LINUX , UNIX, MAC OS, Android, IOS, etc.


    Tasks of the operating system:

    • Loading and execution of programs.
    • Allocating resources.
    • Memory management.
    • File management
    • Storage management
    • Providing user interface.
    • Maintain security.
    • Provide network facility.


    Q14. What are Device Drivers? 

    Ans: 

    Device Drivers:

    • Software that controls the operation of hardware devices.
    • Any device attached to the computer will not work properly without device drivers.
    • Device drivers are provided by device manufacturers.
    • Plug and Play devices have their drivers preinstalled in Windows.


    Q15. What is Utility software? give some examples.

    Utility software:

    • Perform functions that are beyond the capability of the operating system.
    • Users can perform tasks easily and efficiently.

    Examples: File manager, disk management utility, disk defragmenter, antivirus, file compression software, etc.


    Q16. What is Language processors/ translators? Write its types.

    Ans: 

    Language processors/ translators:

    • Computer can only understand machine language which is in the form of 0 and 1.
    • Programs are written in assembly language or high-level language.
    • Language processors convert programs written in assembly or high-level language into machine language.

    Types of Language Processors:

    There are three types of language processors

    Assembler: 

    It translates assembly language programs into machine language.

    Compiler: 

    it converts a high-level language program into machine language. The entire program is converted into machine language using the compiler.

    Interpreter: 

    It also converts a high-level language program into machine language. It translates one instruction at a time goes to the next instruction after executing the previous one.


    Q17. What is Application software? give some examples.

    Ans: 

    Application software:

    Application software is used to perform a particular task. For example word processors, games, spreadsheet software etc. 

    Examples:

    1. Productivity software.
    2. Business software.
    3. Entertainment software.
    4. Educational software.

    Q18. What is Productivity software? give some examples.

    Ans: 

    Productivity software:

    • It is an application software.
    • Designed to perform daily activities effectively and efficiently.
    • Word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, and graphic software are a few examples.


    Q19. What is Productivity software? give some examples.

    Ans: 

    Business software: 

    • It is an application software.
    • It helps in performing business activities efficiently.
    • For example payroll, inventory, accounting, etc.


    Q20. What is Productivity software? give some examples.

    Ans: 

    Entertainment software:

    • It is an application software.
    • It is used to entertain people
    • Examples: games,, media players, music software, etc.

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    Unit-1 (Important Short Q/A)


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    (National Book Foundation - As Federal Textbook Board, Islamabad 
    Based on National Curriculum Pakistan 2026-2027 and Onward prescribed by Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education, Islamabad, and All Pakistan Boards) 

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