100 Important Basic MCQs (Level -1) on Fluid Dynamics, Physics (Unit-Wise MCQs Practice):

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Whether you are preparing for Board Examinations, chapter tests, college assessments, or competitive entrance examinations (MDCAT, ECAT, NUST, PIEAS, GIKI, UET, FAST, and other engineering or medical admission tests), this comprehensive Electrostatics MCQ Collection is designed to help you master the chapter through a systematic progression from basic concepts to advanced numerical problems and Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

This chapter-wise MCQ collection includes:

100 Basic MCQs (1–100) – Covering electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, electric potential, electric flux, Gauss's law, capacitors, dielectric materials, and electrostatic applications.
100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (101–200) – Focusing on calculations, electric field and potential, Gauss's law, capacitor combinations, stored energy, and practical problem-solving.
100 HOTS MCQs (201–300) – Designed to strengthen conceptual understanding, analytical reasoning, assertion–reason questions, and multi-concept problem-solving.
50 Most Important Electrostatics Quiz MCQs – A carefully selected mix of conceptual, numerical, and HOTS questions for quick revision, self-assessment, and exam practice.

This MCQ collection helps you:

Build strong conceptual understanding of Electrostatics
Master numerical and application-based problems
Improve analytical reasoning and problem-solving skills
Strengthen preparation for objective-type examinations
Increase speed, accuracy, and confidence in solving MCQs
Prepare effectively for both Board Examinations and competitive entrance tests

Every MCQ includes the correct answer along with a clear concept-based explanation to reinforce learning and improve exam performance.

With 300 carefully selected MCQs arranged into 100 Basic, 100 Advanced & Numerical, and 100 HOTS questions, this all-in-one MCQ bank provides complete preparation for Physical Quantities and Measurement. It is an excellent study resource for strengthening concepts, improving exam performance, and achieving success in both school and competitive physics examinations.

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Electrostatics MCQs Level 1 – 100 Basic MCQs (MCQs 1–100)

MCQ No. 1

What is the SI unit of electric charge?

a) Volt

b) Coulomb

c) Ampere

d) Newton

Correct Answer: b) Coulomb

Explanation: The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C). One coulomb is the amount of charge transferred by a current of one ampere in one second (1 C = 1 A × 1 s).

MCQ No. 2

Electric charge is a:

a) Scalar quantity

b) Vector quantity

c) Tensor quantity

d) Dimensionless quantity

Correct Answer: a) Scalar quantity

Explanation: Electric charge possesses magnitude only and no direction; therefore, it is a scalar quantity.

MCQ No. 3

According to the law of conservation of charge, electric charge can neither be:

a) Measured nor transferred

b) Created nor destroyed

c) Positive nor negative

d) Conducted nor insulated

Correct Answer: b) Created nor destroyed

Explanation: The total electric charge in an isolated system always remains constant. Charge can only be transferred from one body to another.

MCQ No. 4

Which of the following is the correct relation for quantization of charge?

a) $q = n/e$

b) $q = ne$

c) $q = e/n$

d) $q = en^2$

Correct Answer: b) $q = ne$

Explanation: Electric charge exists in discrete packets. Every charge is an integral multiple of the elementary charge, where $e = 1.6 \times 10^{-19}$ C.

MCQ No. 5

Like charges:

a) Attract each other

b) Repel each other

c) Produce no force

d) Neutralize each other

Correct Answer: b) Repel each other

Explanation: According to Coulomb's law, like charges repel each other, while unlike charges attract each other.

MCQ No. 6

Coulomb's law is applicable to:

a) Moving charges only

b) Stationary point charges

c) Magnetic poles

d) Current-carrying conductors

Correct Answer: b) Stationary point charges

Explanation: Coulomb's law describes the electrostatic force between two stationary point charges.

MCQ No. 7

The electrostatic force between two charges is directly proportional to:

a) Distance between them

b) Square of the distance

c) Product of their charges

d) Sum of their charges

Correct Answer: c) Product of their charges

Explanation: According to Coulomb's law,

F \propto q_1 q_2

MCQ No. 8

The electrostatic force between two point charges is inversely proportional to:

a) Distance

b) Square of the distance

c) Cube of the distance

d) Fourth power of the distance

Correct Answer: b) Square of the distance

Explanation: Coulomb's law states

F \propto \frac{1}{r^2}

where $r$ is the separation between the charges.

MCQ No. 9

The SI unit of electric field intensity is:

a) Joule

b) Volt

c) Newton per Coulomb

d) Coulomb per Newton

Correct Answer: c) Newton per Coulomb

Explanation: Electric field intensity is defined as force per unit positive charge.

MCQ No. 10

Electric field intensity at a point is given by:

a) $E=qF$

b) $E=\dfrac{F}{q}$

c) $E=Fq$

d) $E=\dfrac{q}{F}$

Correct Answer: b) $E=\dfrac{F}{q}$

Explanation: Electric field is the force experienced by a unit positive test charge.

MCQ No. 11

The direction of electric field is the direction of:

a) Force on a positive test charge

b) Force on a negative test charge

c) Motion of electrons

d) Magnetic field

Correct Answer: a) Force on a positive test charge

Explanation: By convention, the electric field points in the direction in which a positive test charge would move.

MCQ No. 12

Electric field lines originate from:

a) Negative charges

b) Positive charges

c) Neutral bodies

d) Conductors only

Correct Answer: b) Positive charges

Explanation: Electric field lines start from positive charges and terminate on negative charges.

MCQ No. 13

Electric field lines never:

a) Begin on positive charges

b) End on negative charges

c) Intersect each other

d) Represent electric fields

Correct Answer: c) Intersect each other

Explanation: If electric field lines intersected, the field would have two different directions at the same point, which is impossible.

MCQ No. 14

The density of electric field lines represents:

a) Electric potential

b) Electric current

c) Strength of electric field

d) Charge only

Correct Answer: c) Strength of electric field

Explanation: Closely spaced field lines indicate a stronger electric field.

MCQ No. 15

Which device works on the principle of electrostatics?

a) Electric heater

b) Photocopier

c) Transformer

d) Electric bell

Correct Answer: b) Photocopier

Explanation: Photocopiers use electrostatic charges to attract toner particles onto paper.

MCQ No. 16

The SI unit of electric flux is:

a) N/C

b) N·m²/C

c) C/N

d) Volt

Correct Answer: b) N·m²/C

Explanation: Electric flux is the product of electric field and area, giving the SI unit N·m²/C.

MCQ No. 17

Electric flux is maximum when the electric field is:

a) Parallel to the surface

b) Perpendicular to the surface

c) Zero

d) Tangential to the surface

Correct Answer: b) Perpendicular to the surface

Explanation: Flux is maximum when the electric field is normal to the surface ( $\theta = 0^\circ$ ).

MCQ No. 18

Gauss's law relates electric flux through a closed surface to:

a) Surface area

b) Electric field only

c) Charge enclosed

d) Shape of the surface

Correct Answer: c) Charge enclosed

Explanation: According to Gauss's law,

\Phi=\frac{Q_{\text{enclosed}}}{\varepsilon_0}

Only the enclosed charge determines the net electric flux.

MCQ No. 19

The electric field inside a hollow conducting sphere in electrostatic equilibrium is:

a) Maximum

b) Uniform

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: The electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is always zero.

MCQ No. 20

Electric potential at a point is defined as:

a) Force per unit charge

b) Work done per unit positive charge

c) Charge per unit work

d) Energy per unit mass

Correct Answer: b) Work done per unit positive charge

Explanation: Electric potential is the work required to bring a unit positive charge from infinity to a given point.

MCQ No. 21

The SI unit of electric potential is:

a) Coulomb

b) Newton

c) Volt

d) Farad

Correct Answer: c) Volt

Explanation: The SI unit of electric potential difference is the volt (V), where $1\,\text{V} = 1\,\text{J/C}$

MCQ No. 22

An electric dipole consists of:

a) Two equal positive charges

b) Two equal negative charges

c) Two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance

d) A single point charge

Correct Answer: c) Two equal and opposite charges separated by a small distance

Explanation: An electric dipole is formed by two equal and opposite charges separated by a fixed distance.

MCQ No. 23

The SI unit of electric dipole moment is:

a) C

b) C·m

c) N/C

d) J/C

Correct Answer: b) C·m

Explanation: Electric dipole moment is the product of charge and separation distance, so its SI unit is coulomb-metre (C·m).

MCQ No. 24

Capacitance is defined as:

a) Potential per unit charge

b) Charge per unit potential difference

c) Energy per unit charge

d) Force per unit area

Correct Answer: b) Charge per unit potential difference

Explanation: Capacitance is given by

C=\frac{Q}{V}

where, $Q$ is the charge stored and $V$ is the potential difference.

MCQ No. 25

The SI unit of capacitance is:

a) Henry

b) Weber

c) Farad

d) Tesla

Correct Answer: c) Farad

Explanation: The SI unit of capacitance is the farad (F). A capacitor has a capacitance of one farad if it stores one coulomb of charge when a potential difference of one volt is applied across it.

MCQ No. 26

The electric field due to a point charge is:

a) Directly proportional to distance

b) Inversely proportional to distance

c) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance

d) Independent of distance

Correct Answer: c) Inversely proportional to the square of the distance

Explanation: The electric field due to a point charge is

E=\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{q}{r^2}

Hence, it decreases as the square of the distance increases.

MCQ No. 27

Electric field is a:

a) Scalar quantity

b) Vector quantity

c) Dimensionless quantity

d) Tensor quantity

Correct Answer: b) Vector quantity

Explanation: Electric field has both magnitude and direction. Its direction is the same as the force acting on a positive test charge.

MCQ No. 28

The electric field at the centre of a uniformly charged circular ring is:

a) Maximum

b) Minimum

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: Due to symmetry, the electric field produced by all charge elements cancels at the centre of the ring.

MCQ No. 29

Electric flux through a closed surface depends upon:

a) Shape of the surface

b) Size of the surface

c) Charge enclosed

d) Material of the surface

Correct Answer: c) Charge enclosed

Explanation: According to Gauss's law, the total electric flux depends only on the net charge enclosed by the closed surface.

MCQ No. 30

The SI unit of electric flux is:

a) Volt

b) N·m²/C

c) Coulomb

d) Joule

Correct Answer: b) N·m²/C

Explanation: Electric flux is the product of electric field and area. Therefore, its SI unit is N·m²/C.

MCQ No. 31

Gauss's law is especially useful for calculating electric fields of:

a) Irregular charge distributions

b) Symmetrical charge distributions

c) Moving charges

d) Magnetic fields

Correct Answer: b) Symmetrical charge distributions

Explanation: Gauss's law greatly simplifies calculations when the charge distribution has spherical, cylindrical, or planar symmetry.

MCQ No. 32

The electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:

a) Maximum

b) Constant

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: Free charges rearrange themselves until the electric field inside the conductor becomes zero.

MCQ No. 33

Electric field lines always intersect an equipotential surface at:

a) 0°

b) 45°

c) 90°

d) 180°

Correct Answer: c) 90°

Explanation: Electric field is always perpendicular to an equipotential surface because no work is done along the surface.

MCQ No. 34

The work done in moving a charge along an equipotential surface is:

a) Maximum

b) Positive

c) Negative

d) Zero

Correct Answer: d) Zero

Explanation: Since the potential remains constant, the potential difference is zero; therefore, no work is done.

MCQ No. 35

Electric potential is measured in:

a) Coulomb

b) Volt

c) Ampere

d) Newton

Correct Answer: b) Volt

Explanation: Electric potential is measured in volts (V), where 1 V = 1 J/C.

MCQ No. 36

Electric potential is a:

a) Scalar quantity

b) Vector quantity

c) Tensor quantity

d) Dimensionless quantity

Correct Answer: a) Scalar quantity

Explanation: Electric potential has magnitude only and therefore is a scalar quantity.

MCQ No. 37

The potential at infinity is generally taken as:

a) Infinity

b) One volt

c) Zero

d) Negative infinity

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: In electrostatics, electric potential at infinity is conventionally assumed to be zero.

MCQ No. 38

The electric potential due to a point charge varies as:

a) $1/r$

b) $1/r^2$

c) $r^2$

d) $r$

Correct Answer: a) $1/r$

Explanation: Electric potential due to a point charge is

V=\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}\frac{q}{r}

MCQ No. 39

The SI unit of electric potential energy is:

a) Volt

b) Joule

c) Coulomb

d) Farad

Correct Answer: b) Joule

Explanation: Electric potential energy is a form of energy, and its SI unit is the joule (J).

MCQ No. 40

The electric dipole moment is directed from:

a) Positive to negative charge

b) Negative to positive charge

c) Centre toward positive charge

d) Centre toward negative charge

Correct Answer: b) Negative to positive charge

Explanation: By convention, the electric dipole moment points from the negative charge toward the positive charge.

MCQ No. 41

A capacitor is primarily used to:

a) Increase current

b) Store electric charge

c) Produce magnetic field

d) Measure resistance

Correct Answer: b) Store electric charge

Explanation: A capacitor stores electric charge and electrical energy in the electric field between its plates.

MCQ No. 42

The SI unit of capacitance is:

a) Henry

b) Farad

c) Tesla

d) Weber

Correct Answer: b) Farad

Explanation: Capacitance is measured in farads (F).

MCQ No. 43

Capacitance depends upon:

a) Plate area

b) Separation between plates

c) Dielectric medium

d) All of these

Correct Answer: d) All of these

Explanation: The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is

C=\frac{\varepsilon A}{d}

Thus, it depends on the plate area, plate separation, and dielectric constant.

MCQ No. 44

Increasing the area of capacitor plates will:

a) Decrease capacitance

b) Increase capacitance

c) Keep capacitance unchanged

d) Make capacitance zero

Correct Answer: b) Increase capacitance

Explanation: Capacitance is directly proportional to the area of the plates.

MCQ No. 45

Increasing the separation between capacitor plates will:

a) Increase capacitance

b) Decrease capacitance

c) Double capacitance

d) Have no effect

Correct Answer: b) Decrease capacitance

Explanation: Capacitance is inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.

MCQ No. 46

The dielectric material between capacitor plates:

a) Decreases capacitance

b) Increases capacitance

c) Has no effect

d) Removes stored charge

Correct Answer: b) Increases capacitance

Explanation: A dielectric reduces the electric field inside the capacitor, allowing more charge to be stored for the same potential difference.

MCQ No. 47

Which combination gives a larger equivalent capacitance?

a) Series combination

b) Parallel combination

c) Both are equal

d) Depends only on voltage

Correct Answer: b) Parallel combination

Explanation: Capacitors connected in parallel have an equivalent capacitance equal to the sum of their individual capacitances.

MCQ No. 48

Energy stored in a charged capacitor is:

a) $\frac{1}{2}CV^2$

b) $CV^2$

c) $QV$

d) $\frac{Q}{V}$

Correct Answer: a) $\frac{1}{2}CV^2$

Explanation: The energy stored in a capacitor is

U=\frac{1}{2}CV^2

This is the standard formula used in electrostatics.

MCQ No. 49

Which of the following is not an application of electrostatics?

a) Laser printer

b) Inkjet printer

c) Photocopier

d) Electric heater

Correct Answer: d) Electric heater

Explanation: Electric heaters operate on the heating effect of electric current, whereas photocopiers and printers use electrostatic principles.

MCQ No. 50

Which statement about electrostatic force is correct?

a) It is always attractive.

b) It is always repulsive.

c) It may be attractive or repulsive depending on the nature of the charges.

d) It acts only between conductors.

Correct Answer: c) It may be attractive or repulsive depending on the nature of the charges.

Explanation: Like charges repel each other, while unlike charges attract each other. Therefore, the electrostatic force may be either repulsive or attractive depending on the signs of the interacting charges.

MCQ No. 51

The electric field inside a uniformly charged hollow spherical shell is:

a) Maximum at the centre

b) Uniform throughout

c) Zero everywhere

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero everywhere

Explanation: According to Gauss's law, the net electric field inside a uniformly charged hollow spherical shell is zero at every point.

MCQ No. 52

The electric field outside a charged conducting sphere behaves as if:

a) The charge is uniformly distributed throughout the sphere

b) The charge is concentrated at its centre

c) The charge is concentrated on the surface only

d) There is no charge

Correct Answer: b) The charge is concentrated at its centre

Explanation: Outside a charged conducting sphere, the electric field is the same as that produced by a point charge placed at the centre of the sphere.

MCQ No. 53

Electric field lines around an isolated positive charge are:

a) Circular

b) Radially outward

c) Radially inward

d) Parallel

Correct Answer: b) Radially outward

Explanation: Electric field lines always emerge from positive charges and terminate on negative charges.

MCQ No. 54

Electric field lines around an isolated negative charge are:

a) Radially outward

b) Circular

c) Radially inward

d) Parallel

Correct Answer: c) Radially inward

Explanation: Electric field lines always terminate at negative charges.

MCQ No. 55

Electric potential due to a negative point charge is always:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Negative

Explanation: Since

V=\frac{kq}{r}

and $q$ is negative, the electric potential is also negative.

MCQ No. 56

The electric field is strongest where the electric field lines are:

a) Widely spaced

b) Equally spaced

c) Closely spaced

d) Circular

Correct Answer: c) Closely spaced

Explanation: The density of electric field lines represents the strength of the electric field.

MCQ No. 57

An equipotential surface is always:

a) Parallel to electric field lines

b) Perpendicular to electric field lines

c) Inclined at 45°

d) Tangential to electric field lines

Correct Answer: b) Perpendicular to electric field lines

Explanation: Electric field is always normal to an equipotential surface.

MCQ No. 58

The work done by the electric field in moving a charge between two points of equal potential is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Maximum

d) Zero

Correct Answer: d) Zero

Explanation: Since the potential difference is zero, no work is done.

MCQ No. 59

The electric potential due to several point charges is obtained by:

a) Vector addition

b) Scalar addition

c) Multiplication

d) Averaging

Correct Answer: b) Scalar addition

Explanation: Electric potential is a scalar quantity; therefore, individual potentials are added algebraically.

MCQ No. 60

Which physical quantity obeys the principle of superposition?

a) Electric field only

b) Electric potential only

c) Both electric field and electric potential

d) Electric current only

Correct Answer: c) Both electric field and electric potential

Explanation: Electric fields add vectorially, while electric potentials add algebraically.

MCQ No. 61

The electric field inside a charged conductor is:

a) Constant

b) Infinite

c) Zero

d) Equal to the surface field

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: In electrostatic equilibrium, all excess charge resides on the surface of the conductor.

MCQ No. 62

Excess charge on a conductor resides:

a) At the centre

b) Uniformly throughout the conductor

c) On the outer surface

d) At the bottom only

Correct Answer: c) On the outer surface

Explanation: Free charges move until they occupy the outer surface, making the electric field inside the conductor zero.

MCQ No. 63

The electric field just outside the surface of a charged conductor is directed:

a) Parallel to the surface

b) Perpendicular to the surface

c) At 45° to the surface

d) Randomly

Correct Answer: b) Perpendicular to the surface

Explanation: Electric field lines always leave or enter the surface of a conductor normally.

MCQ No. 64

The electric potential inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:

a) Zero everywhere

b) Constant throughout

c) Maximum at the centre

d) Different at every point

Correct Answer: b) Constant throughout

Explanation: Since the electric field inside a conductor is zero, there is no change in potential inside the conductor.

MCQ No. 65

Electric potential energy is stored due to:

a) Motion of charges

b) Position of charges

c) Temperature

d) Current flow

Correct Answer: b) Position of charges

Explanation: Electric potential energy depends on the relative positions of interacting charges.

MCQ No. 66

A capacitor stores energy in its:

a) Plates

b) Connecting wires

c) Electric field

d) Battery

Correct Answer: c) Electric field

Explanation: The electrical energy of a charged capacitor is stored in the electric field between its plates.

MCQ No. 67

Which material increases the capacitance of a capacitor?

a) Iron

b) Copper

c) Dielectric material

d) Vacuum pump

Correct Answer: c) Dielectric material

Explanation: Introducing a dielectric increases the capacitance by reducing the electric field between the plates.

MCQ No. 68

The dielectric constant of vacuum is:

a) 0

b) 1

c) 8.85

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) 1

Explanation: Vacuum is taken as the reference medium; therefore, its relative permittivity (dielectric constant) is 1.

MCQ No. 69

Two capacitors connected in series have an equivalent capacitance that is:

a) Greater than the largest capacitor

b) Equal to the sum of capacitances

c) Less than the smallest capacitor

d) Equal to the smallest capacitor

Correct Answer: c) Less than the smallest capacitor

Explanation: In a series combination, the equivalent capacitance is always less than the smallest individual capacitor.

MCQ No. 70

Two identical capacitors connected in parallel have an equivalent capacitance of:

a) C/2

b) C

c) 2C

d) 4C

Correct Answer: c) 2C

Explanation: Capacitors in parallel add directly:

C_{eq}=C+C=2C

MCQ No. 71

Which printer commonly uses electrostatic principles?

a) Dot matrix printer

b) Laser printer

c) Line printer

d) Daisy wheel printer

Correct Answer: b) Laser printer

Explanation: Laser printers use electrostatic attraction to transfer toner particles onto paper.

MCQ No. 72

An electrostatic precipitator is mainly used to:

a) Measure voltage

b) Remove dust particles from industrial gases

c) Increase electric current

d) Charge batteries

Correct Answer: b) Remove dust particles from industrial gases

Explanation: Electrostatic precipitators remove smoke and dust particles from factory exhaust gases using electrostatic forces.

MCQ No. 73

Which one is not a property of electric field lines?

a) They never intersect.

b) They begin on positive charges.

c) They form closed loops.

d) Their density indicates field strength.

Correct Answer: c) They form closed loops.

Explanation: Electric field lines do not form closed loops. They originate from positive charges and terminate on negative charges or at infinity.

MCQ No. 74

If the distance between two point charges is doubled, the electrostatic force becomes:

a) Double

b) Half

c) One-fourth

d) Four times

Correct Answer: c) One-fourth

Explanation: According to Coulomb's law,

F\propto\frac{1}{r^2}

Doubling the distance reduces the force to one-fourth of its original value.

MCQ No. 75

The value of Coulomb's constant in vacuum is approximately:

a) $9\times10^6\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2$

b) $9\times10^7\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2$

c) $9\times10^8\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2$

d) $9\times10^9\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2$

Correct Answer: d) $9\times10^9\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2$

Explanation: Coulomb's constant is

k=\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}=9\times10^9\ \text{N·m}^2/\text{C}^2

It is used in Coulomb's law to calculate the electrostatic force between point charges.

Set-4 (MCQs 76–100)

Coverage: Capacitance, Parallel-Plate Capacitors, Dielectrics, Energy Stored in Capacitors, Capacitor Combinations, Electrostatic Shielding, Grounding, and Mixed Conceptual Questions.

MCQ No. 76

The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is directly proportional to:

a) Distance between the plates

b) Area of the plates

c) Potential difference

d) Charge stored

Correct Answer: b) Area of the plates

Explanation: The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is given by

C=\frac{\varepsilon A}{d}

where $A$ is the plate area and $d$ is the separation between the plates. Therefore, increasing the plate area increases the capacitance.

MCQ No. 77

The capacitance of a parallel-plate capacitor is inversely proportional to:

a) Plate area

b) Charge stored

c) Separation between the plates

d) Dielectric constant

Correct Answer: c) Separation between the plates

Explanation: Increasing the distance between the plates reduces the capacitance because

C\propto\frac{1}{d}

MCQ No. 78

The dielectric constant of a material is also called its:

a) Resistivity

b) Relative permittivity

c) Conductivity

d) Electric susceptibility

Correct Answer: b) Relative permittivity

Explanation: The dielectric constant is another name for the relative permittivity of a material and indicates how effectively it increases capacitance.

MCQ No. 79

Introducing a dielectric between the plates of an isolated charged capacitor causes the capacitance to:

a) Decrease

b) Become zero

c) Increase

d) Remain unchanged

Correct Answer: c) Increase

Explanation: A dielectric reduces the effective electric field between the plates, enabling the capacitor to store more charge for the same potential difference.

MCQ No. 80

Which of the following has the largest capacitance?

a) 2 μF capacitor

b) 5 μF capacitor

c) 8 μF capacitor

d) 10 μF capacitor

Correct Answer: d) 10 μF capacitor

Explanation: The larger the capacitance, the greater the amount of charge stored per unit potential difference.

MCQ No. 81

Capacitance depends upon:

a) Shape and size of conductors

b) Nature of the dielectric

c) Distance between conductors

d) All of these

Correct Answer: d) All of these

Explanation: Capacitance is determined by the geometry of the conductors, their separation, and the dielectric medium between them.

MCQ No. 82

In a series combination of capacitors, the charge on each capacitor is:

a) Different

b) Equal

c) Zero

d) Twice the total charge

Correct Answer: b) Equal

Explanation: Capacitors connected in series carry the same charge because there is only one path for charge flow.

MCQ No. 83

In a parallel combination of capacitors, the potential difference across each capacitor is:

a) Different

b) Zero

c) Equal

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Equal

Explanation: All capacitors connected in parallel are directly across the same voltage source, so they have the same potential difference.

MCQ No. 84

The equivalent capacitance of capacitors connected in parallel is:

a) Less than the smallest capacitor

b) Equal to the largest capacitor

c) The sum of individual capacitances

d) The reciprocal of the sum of reciprocals

Correct Answer: c) The sum of individual capacitances

Explanation: For capacitors in parallel,

C_{\text{eq}}=C_1+C_2+C_3+\cdots

MCQ No. 85

The reciprocal relation

\frac{1}{C_{\text{eq}}}=\frac{1}{C_1}+\frac{1}{C_2}+\cdots

is used for capacitors connected in:

a) Parallel

b) Series

c) Mixed combination only

d) None of these

Correct Answer: b) Series

Explanation: This equation gives the equivalent capacitance for capacitors connected in series.

MCQ No. 86

The energy stored in a capacitor increases with:

a) Increasing voltage

b) Increasing capacitance

c) Both capacitance and voltage

d) Decreasing voltage

Correct Answer: c) Both capacitance and voltage

Explanation: The energy stored is

U=\frac12CV^2

It depends on both the capacitance and the square of the applied voltage.

MCQ No. 87

The SI unit of energy stored in a capacitor is:

a) Volt

b) Coulomb

c) Joule

d) Farad

Correct Answer: c) Joule

Explanation: Since the stored energy is a form of energy, its SI unit is the joule (J).

MCQ No. 88

The electric field between the plates of an ideal parallel-plate capacitor is:

a) Circular

b) Uniform

c) Zero

d) Radial

Correct Answer: b) Uniform

Explanation: Neglecting edge effects, the electric field between two large parallel plates is uniform.

MCQ No. 89

The phenomenon of protecting a region from external electric fields is called:

a) Polarization

b) Electrostatic shielding

c) Magnetization

d) Induction

Correct Answer: b) Electrostatic shielding

Explanation: Electrostatic shielding prevents external electric fields from affecting the enclosed region by using a conducting enclosure.

MCQ No. 90

A Faraday cage works on the principle of:

a) Electromagnetic induction

b) Electrostatic shielding

c) Magnetic shielding

d) Reflection of light

Correct Answer: b) Electrostatic shielding

Explanation: A Faraday cage is a conducting enclosure that blocks external electric fields by redistributing charges on its surface.

MCQ No. 91

Earthing (grounding) of a conductor is mainly used to:

a) Increase resistance

b) Remove excess electric charge

c) Increase voltage

d) Increase capacitance

Correct Answer: b) Remove excess electric charge

Explanation: Grounding provides a path for excess charge to flow to or from the Earth, keeping the conductor at Earth's potential.

MCQ No. 92

Which quantity remains the same for capacitors connected in series?

a) Potential difference

b) Charge

c) Capacitance

d) Energy

Correct Answer: b) Charge

Explanation: In a series combination, each capacitor stores the same amount of charge.

MCQ No. 93

Which quantity remains the same for capacitors connected in parallel?

a) Charge

b) Energy

c) Potential difference

d) Capacitance

Correct Answer: c) Potential difference

Explanation: Capacitors in parallel are connected across the same two points, so each experiences the same voltage.

MCQ No. 94

If the plate area of a capacitor is doubled while the separation remains constant, the capacitance becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Since $C \propto A$ , doubling the plate area doubles the capacitance.

MCQ No. 95

If the separation between capacitor plates is doubled while the plate area remains unchanged, the capacitance becomes:

a) Double

b) Half

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Half

Explanation: Since $C \propto 1/d$ , doubling the separation reduces the capacitance to one-half.

MCQ No. 96

Which statement about conductors in electrostatic equilibrium is correct?

a) Electric field exists inside the conductor.

b) Excess charge resides inside the conductor.

c) Electric potential is constant throughout the conductor.

d) Electric field lines pass through the conductor.

Correct Answer: c) Electric potential is constant throughout the conductor.

Explanation: In electrostatic equilibrium, the electric field inside a conductor is zero, making the entire conductor an equipotential region.

MCQ No. 97

Which instrument commonly uses electrostatic attraction to remove pollutants from industrial exhaust gases?

a) Galvanometer

b) Electrostatic precipitator

c) Voltmeter

d) Ammeter

Correct Answer: b) Electrostatic precipitator

Explanation: Electrostatic precipitators charge dust and smoke particles and then attract them to oppositely charged collecting plates, helping reduce air pollution.

MCQ No. 98

Which of the following is an example of charging by induction?

a) Rubbing a glass rod with silk

b) Bringing a charged rod near a neutral conductor without touching it

c) Connecting a battery to a resistor

d) Heating a metal rod

Correct Answer: b) Bringing a charged rod near a neutral conductor without touching it

Explanation: In charging by induction, a charged object causes a redistribution of charges in a nearby conductor without direct contact.

MCQ No. 99

The force between two stationary electric charges is called:

a) Magnetic force

b) Gravitational force

c) Electrostatic force

d) Nuclear force

Correct Answer: c) Electrostatic force

Explanation: The force acting between stationary electric charges is known as the electrostatic force and is described by Coulomb's law.

MCQ No. 100

Which statement best summarizes electrostatics?

a) It deals with moving electric charges.

b) It studies magnetic fields only.

c) It is the branch of physics that studies electric charges at rest and the forces, fields, and potentials they produce.

d) It is limited to capacitor calculations.

Correct Answer: c) It is the branch of physics that studies electric charges at rest and the forces, fields, and potentials they produce.

Explanation: Electrostatics is the study of stationary electric charges, their interactions, electric fields, electric potential, electric flux, Gauss's law, capacitors, and related phenomena. It forms the foundation for understanding electricity and many electronic devices.

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Electrostatics – 100 Basic MCQs with Answers & Explanations | Board & MDCAT Preparation

100 Important Basic MCQs (Level -1) on Fluid Dynamics, Physics (Unit-Wise MCQs Practice):

👉Physics MCQs Hub – Unit wise Physics MCQs Practice (Main-Page)👈

This chapter-wise MCQ collection includes:

This MCQ collection helps you:

Electrostatics MCQs Level 1 – 100 Basic MCQs (MCQs 1–100)

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