Electrostatics – 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs with Solutions | ECAT, MDCAT & Engineering Entry Tests

100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (Level -2) on Fluid Dynamics, Physics (Unit-Wise MCQs Practice):

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👉Physics MCQs Hub – Unit wise Physics MCQs Practice (Main-Page)👈

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Whether you are preparing for Board Examinations, chapter tests, college assessments, or competitive entrance examinations (MDCAT, ECAT, NUST, PIEAS, GIKI, UET, FAST, and other engineering or medical admission tests), this comprehensive Electrostatics MCQ Collection is designed to help you master the chapter through a systematic progression from basic concepts to advanced numerical problems and Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS).

This chapter-wise MCQ collection includes:

• 100 Basic MCQs (1–100) – Covering electric charge, Coulomb's law, electric field, electric potential, electric flux, Gauss's law, capacitors, dielectric materials, and electrostatic applications.
• 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (101–200) – Focusing on calculations, electric field and potential, Gauss's law, capacitor combinations, stored energy, and practical problem-solving.
• 100 HOTS MCQs (201–300) – Designed to strengthen conceptual understanding, analytical reasoning, assertion–reason questions, and multi-concept problem-solving.
• 50 Most Important Electrostatics Quiz MCQs – A carefully selected mix of conceptual, numerical, and HOTS questions for quick revision, self-assessment, and exam practice.

This MCQ collection helps you:

• Build strong conceptual understanding of Electrostatics
• Master numerical and application-based problems
• Improve analytical reasoning and problem-solving skills
• Strengthen preparation for objective-type examinations
• Increase speed, accuracy, and confidence in solving MCQs
• Prepare effectively for both Board Examinations and competitive entrance tests

Every MCQ includes the correct answer along with a clear concept-based explanation to reinforce learning and improve exam performance.

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With 300 carefully selected MCQs arranged into 100 Basic, 100 Advanced & Numerical, and 100 HOTS questions, this all-in-one MCQ bank provides complete preparation for Physical Quantities and Measurement. It is an excellent study resource for strengthening concepts, improving exam performance, and achieving success in both school and competitive physics examinations.

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Electrostatics MCQs Level 2 – 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs ( 101–200)

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(MCQs 101–125)

Coverage: Coulomb's Law, Principle of Superposition, Electric Force, Electric Field, and Numerical Applications.

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MCQ No. 101

Two point charges of +2 μC and +3 μC are placed 1 m apart in vacuum. The electrostatic force between them is approximately:

a) 0.018 N

b) 0.027 N

c) 0.054 N

d) 0.072 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.054 N

Explanation: Using Coulomb's law,

$$F=\frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2}$$
$$=(9\times10^9)\frac{(2\times10^{-6})(3\times10^{-6})}{1^2}$$
$$=0.054\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 102

The electrostatic force between two charges becomes one-fourth of its original value when the distance between them is:

a) Halved

b) Doubled

c) Tripled

d) Quadrupled

Correct Answer: b) Doubled

Explanation: Since

$$F\propto\frac{1}{r^2}$$

doubling the distance makes the force one-fourth of its original value.

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MCQ No. 103

Two identical charges repel each other with a force of 16 N. If the distance between them is doubled, the new force will be:

a) 64 N

b) 16 N

c) 8 N

d) 4 N

Correct Answer: d) 4 N

Explanation: Doubling the distance reduces the force by a factor of four.

$$F'=\frac{16}{4}=4\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 104

If both interacting charges are doubled while the distance remains unchanged, the electrostatic force becomes:

a) Twice

b) Three times

c) Four times

d) Eight times

Correct Answer: c) Four times

Explanation: Since

$$F\propto q_1q_2$$

doubling both charges gives

$$F'=2\times2F=4F.$$

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MCQ No. 105

A 5 μC charge experiences a force of 0.25 N. The electric field intensity at that point is:

a) $2\times10^4$  N/C

b) $5\times10^4$  N/C

c) $4\times10^4$  N/C

d) $1\times10^5$  N/C

Correct Answer: b) $5\times10^4$  N/C

Explanation:

$$E=\frac{F}{q}$$
$$=\frac{0.25}{5\times10^{-6}} =5\times10^4\text{ N/C}$$

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MCQ No. 106

The electric field at a point is 9000 N/C. What force acts on a 2 μC positive charge?

a) 0.009 N

b) 0.012 N

c) 0.018 N

d) 0.036 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.018 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE$$
$$=(2\times10^{-6})(9000) =0.018\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 107

A charge is moved from 2 m to 4 m away from a point charge. The electric field becomes:

a) Four times

b) Half

c) One-fourth

d) Double

Correct Answer: c) One-fourth

Explanation: Since

$$E\propto\frac{1}{r^2}$$

doubling the distance reduces the electric field to one-fourth.

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MCQ No. 108

The force between two point charges is 9 N. If one charge is tripled and the other remains unchanged, the force becomes:

a) 9 N

b) 18 N

c) 27 N

d) 36 N

Correct Answer: c) 27 N

Explanation: Force is directly proportional to the product of the charges.

$$F'=3F=27\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 109

The electric field due to a point charge is 1800 N/C at 3 m. What is the field at 6 m?

a) 900 N/C

b) 450 N/C

c) 225 N/C

d) 7200 N/C

Correct Answer: b) 450 N/C

Explanation:

Doubling the distance gives

$$E'=\frac{1800}{4}=450\text{ N/C}$$

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MCQ No. 110

Two charges attract each other. Which statement is correct?

a) Both are positive.

b) Both are negative.

c) Their charges have opposite signs.

d) Their magnitudes are equal.

Correct Answer: c) Their charges have opposite signs.

Explanation: Unlike charges attract, while like charges repel.

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MCQ No. 111

The electrostatic force between two charges acts along:

a) A circular path

b) The line joining the charges

c) A tangent

d) The electric field lines only

Correct Answer: b) The line joining the charges

Explanation: Coulomb's force is a central force acting along the line joining the two charges.

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MCQ No. 112

If the distance between two charges becomes three times larger, the force becomes:

a) Three times

b) One-third

c) One-ninth

d) One-twenty-seventh

Correct Answer: c) One-ninth

Explanation:

$$F\propto\frac{1}{r^2}$$
$$F'=\frac{F}{9}$$

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MCQ No. 113

The electric field at the midpoint between two equal positive charges is:

a) Maximum

b) Zero

c) Infinite

d) Equal to one field only

Correct Answer: b) Zero

Explanation: The electric fields due to the two equal positive charges are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction at the midpoint, so they cancel.

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MCQ No. 114

The principle of superposition states that the resultant electric force is:

a) The product of individual forces

b) The vector sum of individual forces

c) The average of the forces

d) The square of the forces

Correct Answer: b) The vector sum of individual forces

Explanation: Each charge acts independently, and the net force is obtained by vector addition.

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MCQ No. 115

A charge of 4 μC is placed in an electric field of 5000 N/C. The force on the charge is:

a) 0.002 N

b) 0.020 N

c) 0.200 N

d) 2.000 N

Correct Answer: b) 0.020 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE$$
$$=(4\times10^{-6})(5000) =0.020\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 116

The electric field due to a positive point charge is directed:

a) Toward the charge

b) Away from the charge

c) Circularly around the charge

d) Parallel to the surface

Correct Answer: b) Away from the charge

Explanation: Electric field lines originate from positive charges and point outward.

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MCQ No. 117

The electrostatic force between two charges is independent of:

a) Magnitude of charges

b) Distance between charges

c) Medium between charges

d) Mass of the charges

Correct Answer: d) Mass of the charges

Explanation: Coulomb's law depends on charge, distance, and the medium, but not on the masses of the charged objects.

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MCQ No. 118

The electric field at a point due to several charges is found using:

a) Multiplication

b) Scalar addition

c) Vector addition

d) Division

Correct Answer: c) Vector addition

Explanation: Electric field is a vector quantity, so the resultant field is the vector sum of individual fields.

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MCQ No. 119

If the charge producing an electric field is doubled, the electric field becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Since

$$E=\frac{kq}{r^2},$$

the electric field is directly proportional to the source charge.

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MCQ No. 120

The electrostatic force between two charges in air compared with vacuum is:

a) Much larger

b) Slightly smaller

c) Exactly zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Slightly smaller

Explanation: Air has a relative permittivity slightly greater than 1, so the force is slightly less than in vacuum.

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MCQ No. 121

If the force between two charges is 36 N at a certain distance, what will it become if the distance is reduced to half?

a) 9 N

b) 18 N

c) 72 N

d) 144 N

Correct Answer: d) 144 N

Explanation: Halving the distance increases the force by a factor of four.

$$F'=4\times36=144\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 122

A 1 μC test charge is placed in a uniform electric field of 2000 N/C. The force experienced is:

a) 0.002 N

b) 0.020 N

c) 2.0 N

d) 2000 N

Correct Answer: a) 0.002 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE=(1\times10^{-6})(2000)=2\times10^{-3}\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 123

Which quantity is measured in N/C?

a) Electric potential

b) Electric field intensity

c) Electric flux

d) Capacitance

Correct Answer: b) Electric field intensity

Explanation: The SI unit of electric field intensity is newton per coulomb (N/C).

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MCQ No. 124

If two unlike charges are brought closer together, the attractive force between them:

a) Decreases

b) Remains constant

c) Increases

d) Becomes zero

Correct Answer: c) Increases

Explanation: As the separation decreases, Coulomb's law predicts a larger attractive force because the force varies inversely with the square of the distance.

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MCQ No. 125

A 2 μC charge is placed 0.5 m from a +8 μC charge. The electrostatic force between them is:

a) 0.288 N

b) 0.432 N

c) 0.576 N

d) 0.720 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.576 N

Explanation:

Using Coulomb's law,

$$F=\frac{kq_1q_2}{r^2}$$
$$=(9\times10^9)\frac{(2\times10^{-6})(8\times10^{-6})}{(0.5)^2} =0.576\text{ N}$$

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(MCQs 126–150)

Coverage: Electric Field, Electric Potential, Electric Flux, Gauss's Law, and Numerical Applications.

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MCQ No. 126

A point charge of 4 μC produces an electric field at a distance of 3 m. The electric field intensity is approximately:

a) $2.0 \times 10^3$  N/C

b) $3.0 \times 10^3$  N/C

c) $4.0 \times 10^3$  N/C

d) $5.0 \times 10^3$  N/C

Correct Answer: c) $4.0 \times 10^3$  N/C

Explanation:

$$E=\frac{kq}{r^2}$$
$$=\frac{(9\times10^9)(4\times10^{-6})}{3^2} =\frac{36\times10^3}{9} =4.0\times10^3\text{ N/C}$$

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MCQ No. 127

The electric potential due to a 2 μC charge at a distance of 2 m is:

a) 4500 V

b) 6000 V

c) 9000 V

d) 12000 V

Correct Answer: c) 9000 V

Explanation:

$$V=\frac{kq}{r}$$
$$=\frac{(9\times10^9)(2\times10^{-6})}{2} =9000\text{ V}$$

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MCQ No. 128

A charge of 5 C is moved through a potential difference of 20 V. The work done is:

a) 25 J

b) 50 J

c) 100 J

d) 200 J

Correct Answer: c) 100 J

Explanation:

$$W=qV$$
$$=(5)(20)=100\text{ J}$$

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MCQ No. 129

The electric potential at the midpoint between two equal and opposite charges is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: Equal and opposite charges produce equal and opposite potentials at the midpoint. Since electric potential is a scalar quantity, the net potential is zero.

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MCQ No. 130

The electric field at the midpoint between two equal and opposite charges is:

a) Zero

b) Directed from positive to negative charge

c) Directed from negative to positive charge

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Directed from positive to negative charge

Explanation: The electric fields due to the two charges are in the same direction at the midpoint, so they add together and point from the positive charge toward the negative charge.

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MCQ No. 131

The electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a 5 μC charge is approximately:

a) $2.8\times10^5$  N·m²/C

b) $4.5\times10^5$  N·m²/C

c) $5.6\times10^5$  N·m²/C

d) $7.2\times10^5$  N·m²/C

Correct Answer: c) $5.6\times10^5$  N·m²/C

Explanation:

Using Gauss's law,

$$\Phi=\frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0}$$
$$=\frac{5\times10^{-6}}{8.85\times10^{-12}} \approx5.65\times10^5\text{ N·m}^2/\text{C}$$

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MCQ No. 132

The net electric flux through a closed surface containing no charge is:

a) Maximum

b) Positive

c) Negative

d) Zero

Correct Answer: d) Zero

Explanation: According to Gauss's law, if no net charge is enclosed,

$$Q_{\text{enc}}=0$$

therefore, the net electric flux is zero.

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MCQ No. 133

A positive charge is released in a uniform electric field. It moves:

a) Opposite to the field

b) Perpendicular to the field

c) Along the field

d) In a circular path

Correct Answer: c) Along the field

Explanation: A positive charge experiences a force in the direction of the electric field.

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MCQ No. 134

A negative charge released in a uniform electric field moves:

a) Along the field

b) Opposite to the field

c) Perpendicular to the field

d) In a circular path

Correct Answer: b) Opposite to the field

Explanation: Since

$$F=qE$$

and the charge is negative, the force acts opposite to the electric field.

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MCQ No. 135

If the electric field is doubled while the charge remains constant, the force on the charge becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Since

$$F=qE,$$

doubling the electric field doubles the force.

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MCQ No. 136

The work done in moving a charge around a closed path in an electrostatic field is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: Electrostatic forces are conservative; therefore, the net work done over a closed path is zero.

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MCQ No. 137

The potential difference between two points is 24 V. If 3 C of charge is moved, the work done is:

a) 8 J

b) 24 J

c) 48 J

d) 72 J

Correct Answer: d) 72 J

Explanation:

$$W=qV$$
$$=(3)(24)=72\text{ J}$$

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MCQ No. 138

The electric potential due to a point charge becomes half when the distance from the charge is:

a) Halved

b) Doubled

c) Tripled

d) Quadrupled

Correct Answer: b) Doubled

Explanation: Since

$$V\propto\frac{1}{r},$$

doubling the distance reduces the potential to one-half.

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MCQ No. 139

A charge of 2 μC is placed in an electric field of 6000 N/C. The force acting on it is:

a) 0.006 N

b) 0.012 N

c) 0.024 N

d) 0.120 N

Correct Answer: b) 0.012 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE=(2\times10^{-6})(6000)=0.012\text{ N}$$

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MCQ No. 140

The electric potential at a point where the electric field is zero is always:

a) Zero

b) Positive

c) Negative

d) Not necessarily zero

Correct Answer: d) Not necessarily zero

Explanation: A zero electric field means the potential does not change at that point, but the potential itself may have any constant value.

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MCQ No. 141

Which law forms the basis for calculating the electric field of highly symmetric charge distributions?

a) Ohm's law

b) Faraday's law

c) Gauss's law

d) Lenz's law

Correct Answer: c) Gauss's law

Explanation: Gauss's law greatly simplifies electric field calculations for spherical, cylindrical, and planar symmetry.

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MCQ No. 142

If the enclosed charge inside a Gaussian surface is doubled, the electric flux becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Since

$$\Phi=\frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0},$$

electric flux is directly proportional to the enclosed charge.

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MCQ No. 143

The electric field at a point on the axis of an electric dipole is directed:

a) Perpendicular to the dipole axis

b) Along the dipole axis

c) Circularly around the dipole

d) Always zero

Correct Answer: b) Along the dipole axis

Explanation: On the axial line, the resultant electric field lies along the axis of the dipole.

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MCQ No. 144

The SI unit of electric dipole moment is:

a) C

b) C·m

c) N/C

d) J

Correct Answer: b) C·m

Explanation: Electric dipole moment is defined as

$$p=qd,$$

where $q$ is charge and $d$ is separation.

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MCQ No. 145

The electric potential energy of two like charges is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: a) Positive

Explanation: Work must be done against the repulsive force to bring like charges together, so the potential energy is positive.

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MCQ No. 146

The electric potential energy of two unlike charges is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Negative

Explanation: Unlike charges attract each other, so the potential energy of the system is negative.

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MCQ No. 147

The electric field just outside the surface of a charged conductor is:

a) Zero

b) Parallel to the surface

c) Perpendicular to the surface

d) Circular

Correct Answer: c) Perpendicular to the surface

Explanation: Electric field lines always leave or enter a conducting surface at right angles in electrostatic equilibrium.

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MCQ No. 148

If the electric potential at a point is 180 V, the work required to bring a 0.5 C charge from infinity is:

a) 45 J

b) 60 J

c) 90 J

d) 180 J

Correct Answer: c) 90 J

Explanation:

$$W=qV=(0.5)(180)=90\text{ J}$$

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MCQ No. 149

The electric field inside a Faraday cage is:

a) Maximum

b) Uniform

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: A Faraday cage provides electrostatic shielding, preventing external electric fields from penetrating its interior.

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MCQ No. 150

Which statement is correct regarding electrostatic potential?

a) It is a vector quantity.

b) It is measured in newtons.

c) It is the work done per unit positive charge in bringing the charge from infinity to a point.

d) It depends only on the path followed.

Correct Answer: c) It is the work done per unit positive charge in bringing the charge from infinity to a point.

Explanation: Electric potential is defined as the work done per unit positive test charge in bringing it from infinity to a given point without changing its kinetic energy. It is a scalar quantity measured in volts (V).

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(MCQs 151–175)

Coverage: Capacitors, Combinations of Capacitors, Dielectrics, Energy Stored in Capacitors, and Numerical Applications.

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MCQ No. 151

A capacitor of 5 μF is connected across a 20 V battery. The charge stored on the capacitor is:

a) 20 μC

b) 50 μC

c) 100 μC

d) 200 μC

Correct Answer: c) 100 μC

Explanation:

Using the capacitance relation,

$$Q = CV$$
$$Q=(5\times10^{-6})(20)=100\times10^{-6}\text{ C}=100\ \mu\text{C}$$

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MCQ No. 152

A capacitor stores a charge of 60 μC when connected to a 12 V source. Its capacitance is:

a) 2 μF

b) 5 μF

c) 8 μF

d) 10 μF

Correct Answer: b) 5 μF

Explanation:

$$C=\frac{Q}{V}$$
$$=\frac{60\ \mu\text{C}}{12\ \text{V}} =5\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 153

The energy stored in a 10 μF capacitor charged to 100 V is:

a) 0.02 J

b) 0.05 J

c) 0.10 J

d) 0.20 J

Correct Answer: b) 0.05 J

Explanation:

$$U=\frac12CV^2$$
$$=\frac12(10\times10^{-6})(100)^2 =0.05\text{ J}$$

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MCQ No. 154

Two capacitors of 3 μF and 6 μF are connected in parallel. Their equivalent capacitance is:

a) 2 μF

b) 3 μF

c) 6 μF

d) 9 μF

Correct Answer: d) 9 μF

Explanation:

For capacitors in parallel,

$$C_{eq}=C_1+C_2=3+6=9\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 155

Two capacitors of 6 μF each are connected in series. Their equivalent capacitance is:

a) 3 μF

b) 6 μF

c) 9 μF

d) 12 μF

Correct Answer: a) 3 μF

Explanation:

For two identical capacitors in series,

$$C_{eq}=\frac{C}{2}=\frac{6}{2}=3\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 156

The equivalent capacitance of 2 μF and 4 μF connected in series is:

a) 1.0 μF

b) 1.33 μF

c) 2.0 μF

d) 6.0 μF

Correct Answer: b) 1.33 μF

Explanation:

$$C_{eq}=\frac{C_1C_2}{C_1+C_2} =\frac{2\times4}{2+4} =\frac{8}{6}=1.33\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 157

Three capacitors of 2 μF, 3 μF, and 5 μF are connected in parallel. The equivalent capacitance is:

a) 5 μF

b) 8 μF

c) 10 μF

d) 30 μF

Correct Answer: c) 10 μF

Explanation:

For parallel combination,

$$C_{eq}=2+3+5=10\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 158

A capacitor is connected to a battery. If the applied voltage is doubled, the stored charge becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation:

Since

$$Q=CV,$$

for a constant capacitance, doubling the voltage doubles the stored charge.

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MCQ No. 159

A 4 μF capacitor is charged to 50 V. The stored charge is:

a) 50 μC

b) 100 μC

c) 150 μC

d) 200 μC

Correct Answer: d) 200 μC

Explanation:

$$Q=(4\ \mu\text{F})(50\ \text{V}) =200\ \mu\text{C}$$

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MCQ No. 160

The energy stored in a capacitor is proportional to:

a) Voltage

b) Square of the voltage

c) Cube of the voltage

d) Inverse of the voltage

Correct Answer: b) Square of the voltage

Explanation: Since

$$U=\frac12CV^2,$$

the stored energy varies as the square of the applied voltage when capacitance remains constant.

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MCQ No. 161

A dielectric inserted between the plates of a capacitor increases its capacitance because it:

a) Increases the plate separation

b) Decreases the effective electric field

c) Removes electric charge

d) Increases resistance

Correct Answer: b) Decreases the effective electric field

Explanation: A dielectric becomes polarized, reducing the effective electric field and allowing more charge to be stored for the same voltage.

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MCQ No. 162

If the dielectric constant of the material between capacitor plates is 4, the capacitance becomes:

a) One-fourth

b) Half

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: c) Four times

Explanation:

$$C=K C_0$$

where $K$ is the dielectric constant. Therefore, the capacitance becomes four times its original value.

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MCQ No. 163

The electric field between the plates of an ideal parallel-plate capacitor is:

a) Circular

b) Uniform

c) Radial

d) Zero

Correct Answer: b) Uniform

Explanation: Neglecting edge effects, the electric field between two large parallel plates is uniform in magnitude and direction.

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MCQ No. 164

If the area of each plate of a capacitor is doubled while the separation remains unchanged, the capacitance becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Since

$$C=\frac{\varepsilon A}{d},$$

doubling the plate area doubles the capacitance.

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MCQ No. 165

If the separation between capacitor plates is reduced to half, the capacitance becomes:

a) Half

b) Double

c) Four times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: b) Double

Explanation: Capacitance is inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.

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MCQ No. 166

A capacitor stores electrical energy in its:

a) Plates

b) Connecting wires

c) Electric field

d) Battery

Correct Answer: c) Electric field

Explanation: The electrical energy of a charged capacitor is stored in the electric field established between its plates.

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MCQ No. 167

The equivalent capacitance of a parallel combination is always:

a) Less than the smallest capacitor

b) Equal to the smallest capacitor

c) Greater than any individual capacitor

d) Zero

Correct Answer: c) Greater than any individual capacitor

Explanation: Since capacitances add directly in parallel, the equivalent capacitance is always greater than the largest individual capacitance.

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MCQ No. 168

The equivalent capacitance of a series combination is always:

a) Greater than the largest capacitor

b) Equal to the largest capacitor

c) Less than the smallest capacitor

d) Equal to the sum of capacitances

Correct Answer: c) Less than the smallest capacitor

Explanation: In a series combination, the equivalent capacitance is always less than the smallest individual capacitor.

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MCQ No. 169

A capacitor of 2 μF is charged to 200 V. The stored energy is:

a) 0.02 J

b) 0.04 J

c) 0.08 J

d) 0.10 J

Correct Answer: b) 0.04 J

Explanation:

$$U=\frac12CV^2$$
$$=\frac12(2\times10^{-6})(200)^2 =0.04\text{ J}$$

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MCQ No. 170

The dielectric constant of vacuum is:

a) 0

b) 1

c) 2

d) 8.85

Correct Answer: b) 1

Explanation: Vacuum is taken as the reference medium; therefore, its relative permittivity (dielectric constant) is 1.

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MCQ No. 171

When capacitors are connected in parallel, the quantity that remains the same across each capacitor is:

a) Charge

b) Voltage

c) Capacitance

d) Energy

Correct Answer: b) Voltage

Explanation: In a parallel circuit, each capacitor is connected directly across the same two terminals of the source, so the potential difference across each is identical.

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MCQ No. 172

When capacitors are connected in series, the quantity that remains the same on each capacitor is:

a) Voltage

b) Charge

c) Capacitance

d) Energy

Correct Answer: b) Charge

Explanation: In a series combination, the same amount of charge flows through and is stored on each capacitor.

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MCQ No. 173

A capacitor is charged by a battery and then disconnected. If the plate separation is increased, the capacitance will:

a) Increase

b) Decrease

c) Remain unchanged

d) Become zero

Correct Answer: b) Decrease

Explanation: Since

$$C=\frac{\varepsilon A}{d},$$

increasing the separation $d$ decreases the capacitance. (For an isolated capacitor, the stored charge remains constant.)

---

MCQ No. 174

A 12 μF capacitor is connected to a 25 V source. The charge stored is:

a) 150 μC

b) 200 μC

c) 300 μC

d) 600 μC

Correct Answer: c) 300 μC

Explanation:

$$Q=CV=(12\ \mu\text{F})(25\ \text{V})=300\ \mu\text{C}$$

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MCQ No. 175

A capacitor has a capacitance of 8 μF and stores a charge of 40 μC. The potential difference across it is:

a) 2 V

b) 4 V

c) 5 V

d) 8 V

Correct Answer: c) 5 V

Explanation:

Using

$$V=\frac{Q}{C},$$
$$V=\frac{40\ \mu\text{C}}{8\ \mu\text{F}}=5\ \text{V}$$

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(MCQs 176–200)

Coverage: Mixed Numerical Problems on Coulomb's Law, Electric Field, Electric Potential, Gauss's Law, Electric Dipoles, Capacitors, and Energy Storage.

---

MCQ No. 176

Two charges of +4 μC and –2 μC are separated by 0.30 m in air. The magnitude of the electrostatic force between them is approximately:

a) 0.40 N

b) 0.60 N

c) 0.80 N

d) 1.20 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.80 N

Explanation:

Using Coulomb's law,

$$F=\frac{k|q_1q_2|}{r^2}$$
$$=\frac{(9\times10^9)(4\times10^{-6})(2\times10^{-6})}{(0.30)^2} =0.80\text{ N}$$

Since the charges are unlike, the force is attractive.

---

MCQ No. 177

A 6 μC charge is placed in an electric field of 4000 N/C. The force acting on it is:

a) 0.012 N

b) 0.018 N

c) 0.024 N

d) 0.036 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.024 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE$$
$$=(6\times10^{-6})(4000) =0.024\text{ N}$$

---

MCQ No. 178

A point charge produces an electric potential of 18 kV at a certain point. What work is required to bring a 4 mC charge from infinity to that point?

a) 18 J

b) 36 J

c) 54 J

d) 72 J

Correct Answer: d) 72 J

Explanation:

$$W=qV$$
$$=(4\times10^{-3})(18000) =72\text{ J}$$

---

MCQ No. 179

The electric field intensity at a point is 7200 N/C. What force acts on a 5 μC charge?

a) 0.018 N

b) 0.024 N

c) 0.036 N

d) 0.072 N

Correct Answer: c) 0.036 N

Explanation:

$$F=qE$$
$$=(5\times10^{-6})(7200) =0.036\text{ N}$$

---

MCQ No. 180

A 10 μF capacitor is charged to 50 V. The energy stored in it is:

a) 0.00625 J

b) 0.0125 J

c) 0.025 J

d) 0.050 J

Correct Answer: b) 0.0125 J

Explanation:

$$U=\frac12CV^2$$
$$=\frac12(10\times10^{-6})(50)^2 =0.0125\text{ J}$$

---

MCQ No. 181

Two capacitors of 4 μF and 12 μF are connected in series. Their equivalent capacitance is:

a) 2 μF

b) 3 μF

c) 4 μF

d) 16 μF

Correct Answer: b) 3 μF

Explanation:

$$C_{eq}=\frac{C_1C_2}{C_1+C_2} =\frac{4\times12}{4+12} =\frac{48}{16} =3\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 182

Three capacitors of 2 μF, 4 μF, and 6 μF are connected in parallel. Their equivalent capacitance is:

a) 6 μF

b) 8 μF

c) 10 μF

d) 12 μF

Correct Answer: d) 12 μF

Explanation:

For parallel connection,

$$C_{eq}=2+4+6=12\ \mu\text{F}$$

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MCQ No. 183

The electric flux through a Gaussian surface enclosing 9 μC is approximately:

a) $5.1\times10^5$  N·m²/C

b) $7.8\times10^5$  N·m²/C

c) $1.02\times10^6$  N·m²/C

d) $1.25\times10^6$  N·m²/C

Correct Answer: c) $1.02\times10^6$  N·m²/C

Explanation:

$$\Phi=\frac{Q}{\varepsilon_0} =\frac{9\times10^{-6}}{8.85\times10^{-12}} \approx1.02\times10^6\text{ N·m}^2/\text{C}$$

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MCQ No. 184

A 3 μC charge produces a potential of 27 kV at a point. The distance from the charge is:

a) 0.5 m

b) 1.0 m

c) 1.5 m

d) 2.0 m

Correct Answer: b) 1.0 m

Explanation:

$$V=\frac{kq}{r}$$
$$r=\frac{kq}{V} =\frac{(9\times10^9)(3\times10^{-6})}{27000} =1\text{ m}$$

---

MCQ No. 185

The potential difference across a 5 μF capacitor storing 150 μC of charge is:

a) 15 V

b) 20 V

c) 30 V

d) 40 V

Correct Answer: c) 30 V

Explanation:

$$V=\frac{Q}{C} =\frac{150\ \mu C}{5\ \mu F} =30\text{ V}$$

---

MCQ No. 186

An electric dipole has charges of ±4 μC separated by 5 cm. Its dipole moment is:

a) $1.0\times10^{-7}$  C·m

b) $2.0\times10^{-7}$  C·m

c) $2.0\times10^{-6}$  C·m

d) $4.0\times10^{-6}$  C·m

Correct Answer: b) $2.0\times10^{-7}$  C·m

Explanation:

$$p=qd =(4\times10^{-6})(0.05) =2.0\times10^{-7}\text{ C·m}$$

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MCQ No. 187

A 15 μF capacitor connected to 40 V stores a charge of:

a) 300 μC

b) 450 μC

c) 600 μC

d) 750 μC

Correct Answer: c) 600 μC

Explanation:

$$Q=CV =(15\ \mu F)(40V) =600\ \mu C$$

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MCQ No. 188

The electric field due to a point charge becomes nine times smaller when the distance becomes:

a) Twice

b) Three times

c) Four times

d) Nine times

Correct Answer: b) Three times

Explanation:

Since

$$E\propto\frac{1}{r^2},$$

tripling the distance reduces the electric field to one-ninth.

---

MCQ No. 189

Two equal positive charges are placed at equal distances from a point. The resultant electric field at the midpoint is:

a) Maximum

b) Zero

c) Double

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Zero

Explanation: The electric fields due to the two identical positive charges are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction at the midpoint.

---

MCQ No. 190

The potential at the midpoint between two equal positive charges is:

a) Zero

b) Negative

c) Positive

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Positive

Explanation: Electric potential is a scalar quantity. Therefore, the potentials due to both positive charges add together.

---

MCQ No. 191

The energy stored in a 20 μF capacitor charged to 100 V is:

a) 0.05 J

b) 0.10 J

c) 0.20 J

d) 0.40 J

Correct Answer: b) 0.10 J

Explanation:

$$U=\frac12CV^2 =\frac12(20\times10^{-6})(100)^2 =0.10\text{ J}$$

---

MCQ No. 192

A dielectric with relative permittivity 5 is inserted completely between the plates of a capacitor. The capacitance becomes:

a) One-fifth

b) Twice

c) Five times

d) Unchanged

Correct Answer: c) Five times

Explanation: The new capacitance is

$$C=K C_0$$

where $K=5$.

---

MCQ No. 193

The electric potential due to a point charge decreases with distance according to:

a) $1/r^2$

b) $1/r$

c) $r$

d) $r^2$

Correct Answer: b) $1/r$

Explanation: Electric potential varies inversely with distance from a point charge.

---

MCQ No. 194

A 3 μF capacitor connected to 60 V stores an energy of:

a) 0.0036 J

b) 0.0054 J

c) 0.0072 J

d) 0.0090 J

Correct Answer: b) 0.0054 J

Explanation:

$$U=\frac12CV^2 =\frac12(3\times10^{-6})(60)^2 =0.0054\text{ J}$$

---

MCQ No. 195

A charge of 8 μC experiences a force of 0.16 N. The electric field intensity is:

a) $1.0\times10^4$  N/C

b) $2.0\times10^4$  N/C

c) $3.0\times10^4$  N/C

d) $4.0\times10^4$  N/C

Correct Answer: b) $2.0\times10^4$  N/C

Explanation:

$$E=\frac{F}{q} =\frac{0.16}{8\times10^{-6}} =2.0\times10^4\text{ N/C}$$

---

MCQ No. 196

The SI unit of electric dipole moment is:

a) C

b) C·m

c) N·m

d) J/C

Correct Answer: b) C·m

Explanation: Electric dipole moment is the product of charge and separation:

$$p=qd$$

Its SI unit is coulomb-metre (C·m).

---

MCQ No. 197

A Gaussian surface encloses zero net charge. The net electric flux through the surface is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: c) Zero

Explanation: By Gauss's law,

$$\Phi=\frac{Q_{\text{enc}}}{\varepsilon_0}$$

If the enclosed charge is zero, the net flux is zero.

---

MCQ No. 198

The electric potential energy of two unlike charges is:

a) Positive

b) Negative

c) Zero

d) Infinite

Correct Answer: b) Negative

Explanation: Since unlike charges attract each other, their electric potential energy is negative.

---

MCQ No. 199

Which quantity remains constant for capacitors connected in series?

a) Potential difference

b) Charge

c) Energy

d) Capacitance

Correct Answer: b) Charge

Explanation: In a series combination, every capacitor stores the same amount of charge.

---

MCQ No. 200

A 10 μF capacitor is connected across a 100 V battery. The charge stored on each plate is:

a) 100 μC

b) 500 μC

c) 1000 μC

d) 2000 μC

Correct Answer: c) 1000 μC

Explanation:

Using

$$Q=CV$$
$$Q=(10\ \mu F)(100V)=1000\ \mu C$$

Thus, each plate carries charges of equal magnitude (±1000 μC) and opposite sign.

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