Class 8 Geography Notes, Unit 6: Social and Economic Development -- Exercise Short/brief and Long/detailed Questions and Answers, for 8th Centralized Exam 2023 and onward, FDE, Islamabad

8th Class Geography Notes

Unit-6

"Social and Economic Development"

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Class 8 Geography MCQs (All Units Exercise)

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1. Exercise Short/Brief Questions and Answers:

Q1. What is the difference between GDP and GNP?

Ans:

The difference between GPP and GNP is as follows

GDP:

It is taken from the word Gross Domestic Product.
GDP represents the Total monetary value of all finished goods and services usually in one year within the country.

GNP:

It is taken from the word Gross National Product.
GNP refers to the total value of finished goods and services produced by a country's citizens given in a financial year.

Q2. Write a note on The OECD.

Ans:

OECD is derived from the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development. It was founded in France in 1961. Its members are 38 countries. This organization provides solutions in the matters of policies to improve the development of member countries. It publishes reports on the economy and provides analysis regarding policies and their impacts.

Q3. Enlist the economic development indicators Important for development.

Ans:

Following is the list of economic development indicators.

Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Gross National Product (GNP)
Wealth inequality
Inflation
Unemployment

Q4. What are the consequences of wealth inequality?

Ans:

Consequences of wealth inequality:

Due to wealth inequality, a few people own the major portion of the wealth of the nation.
The remaining portion becomes the prey to poverty.
The gap between riches and the poor increases.

Q5. Compare Two characteristics of developed and developing countries.

Ans:

Developed Countries:

i. The population growth rate in developed countries is low.

ii- Most people engaged in quaternary and tertiary economic Activities.

Developing countries:

i. The population growth rate in developing countries is high.

ii- Most people in developing countries are engaged in primary and secondary economic activities.

2. Long/Detailed Questions and Answers:

Q1. Explain human development indicators in detail.

Ans:

Human development indicators (HDI) measure the development of the country but not from the economic aspect. HDIs are as

under

i- Education:-

It is the most important indicator (and a weapon) which reduces poverty. It also improves health and provides a high standard of living. Developed Countries have a 100% literacy rate (Echicated people).

ii- Health:-

This indicator shows the access of people to medical facilities. Health facilities can be accessed by life expectancy and low infant mortality rates.

iii. Standard of living:-

The standard of living is directly associated with the level of income of individuals. It is the average income of individuals also.

Q2. What are the impacts of technology on the development of a country?

Ans:

The impacts of technology are as under.

i- Technology supports the production of quality goods and services in a short time.

ii. It improves the quality of labour and business.

iii- It improves the overall standard of living.

iv. It supports in environmental protection.

v- Mobile phones, television, satellites, and the internet have transformed the world and its economy.

vi. It is pouring the way of e-learning healthcare and poverty eradication.

Q3. Classify the economic activities with examples.

Ans:-

i- Primary economic activities:

These activities are directly related to the nature of extraction. resources of the earth. e.g. Agriculture. and fishing etc.

ii- Secondary economic activities:

These activities use raw materials produced by primary activities and change their form into more valuable finished goods e.g. Industry, manufacturing. and construction.

iii- Tertiary economic activities:

These activities provide a wide range of services to primary and Secondary activities e.g. trade, transport, etc.

iv- Quaternary Economic activities:

These activities are related to education, health services, recreation, etc.

v. Quinary economic activities:

These are some kinds of new activities that are related to high intelligence like Scientists, researchers, and teachers.

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