Class 8 General Science Notes: - Unit-2: Human Nervous System: Solved Exercise (Short Questions and Answers)

(National Book Foundation - New Book/New Syllabus Based on National Curriculum Pakistan 2023-2024 and Onwards)

(Class 8 General Science Notes for 8th Centralized Exam 2023-2024 and onward, FDE, Islamabad)

Unit-2: Human Nervous System: Solved Exercise MCQs

B. Short questions 

Q(i) Name three types of neurons and give their functions? 

Ans: 

Types of Neurons:

Neurons are of three types:

⚫ Sensory neurons transmit nerve impulses from receptors to the central nervous system.

⚫ Motor neurons transmit nerve impulses from the central nervous system to the effectors.

⚫ Interneurons are neurons of the central nervous system. They transmit nerve impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons.

Q(ii). Which receptors and effectors are involved in the reflex actions of
(a) blinking of eyes in light spark (b) withdrawal of hand on touching a hot object

Ans: 

(a) Receptor cells present in the eye are receptors while eye muscles are the effectors.
(b) Receptors present in hand skin are the receptors while arm muscles are the effectors

Q(iii). What is the significance of the peripheral nervous system?

Ans: 

The peripheral nervous system is a system of nerves that have the following important functions:

It connects the brain and the spinal cord to the rest of the body and the external environment. It regulates internal body conditions. It regulates voluntary actions e.g. muscle movement It regulates involuntary actions e.g. heartbeat.

Q(iv). Differentiate between receptors and effectors.

Ans: 

Receptors: Sense organs or cells that receive stimulus are called receptors e.g., eyes, nose, etc.

Effector: A muscle, gland, or organ capable of responding to a stimulus is called an effector 

Q(v) What is the significance of interneurons?

Ans: 

Interneurons are neurons of the central nervous system. They transmit nerve impulses from sensory neurons to motor neurons.

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Unit-2: Human Nervous System: Solved Short Questions and Answers

Unit-2: Human Nervous System: Solved Exercise MCQs

Class 8 General Science Notes

Source: General Science Book (National Book Foundation, Pakistan)

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