Class 8 Geography Notes, Unit 4: Industrialization and International Trade -- Exercise Short/brief and Long/detailed Questions and Answers, for 8th Centralized Exam 2023 and onward, FDE, Islamabad

8th Class Geography Notes

Unit-4 

"Industrialization and International Trade"

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Class 8 Geography MCQs (All Units Exercise)

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1. Exercise Short/Brief Questions and Answers:

Q1.  Name four industries of Pakistan. 

Ans:

The following are the four main industries of Pakistan.

1. Textile industry

2. Cement industry

3. Iron and steel industry.

4. Fertilizer industry.

Q2.   Give at least one reason for the migration of people from rural to urban areas.

Ans:

The following are the reasons for the migration of people from rural to urban areas.

1. for better job opportunities. 

2. For better health facilities. 

3. For better educational opportunities.

Q3. What is meant by bilateral trade? 

Ans:

Bilateral trade is the exchange of goods between two countries promoting trade and investment. The two countries reduce or eliminate tariffs, restraints, and other trade barriers to encourage trade and investment.

Q4.  What is meant by large-scale industry?

Ans:

The large-scale industry employs a large number of people and consumes a vast quantity of power. For large-scale industries, huge capital is needed. For example, the textile industry is a large-scale industry in Pakistan.

2. Long/Detailed Questions and Answers:

Q1. Illustrate four stages of the textile manufacturing process.

Ans:

The textile industry is the most important large-scale industry in Pakistan. There are more than five hundred textile industries in the country. A variety of textiles are manufactured in the country i.e. cotton yarn, clothes, garments, bed linen, knitwear, and towels.

The textile manufacturing process involves the following four stages.

1. Growing and harvesting:

Cotton is sown in suitable areas for the production of cotton. Then it is harvested and raw cotton is packed in the shape of bales.

2. Ginning:

At this stage, seeds are separated from compressed cotton balls. Cotton flowers are compressed into bales to be transported.

3. Spinning:

In this process, the strands of cotton fibers are twisted together to form yarn. The yarn is placed on the rings of the spinning frames and is allowed to pass through several sets of rollers.

4. Weaving: 

Weaving is the production of cloth from yarn. This is further used in garments and a variety of cotton products.

Q2. Write a paragraph on the role of the IMF to help countries with their economic development.

Ans:

IMF is an organization of the United Nations. It provides financial assistance in the form of loans to the countries for their economic progress. It also provides technical help to develop better projects. It also ensures that the loans taken by the countries are used properly and returned. 190 countries are its members. Its head office is in Washington, DC in USA. Although IMF provides loans to developing countries it restricts them to fulfill the demands of the IMF. Resultantly the economic conditions of developing countries getting more worse.

Q3. Explain the links between industrialization and urbanization.

Ans:-

Industrialization:

Industrialization is a large field of human activities. In this, people change raw materials into usable finished goods through various processes with machines and tools.

Urbanization:

Urbanization is the growth and development of cities when a large number of people become permanently concentrated in relatively small areas and form cities. 

Links between industrialization and urbanization:

Cities grow because industrial factories require large workforces and their families need places to live near their jobs. When more people come into cities other industries, such as marketing, banking, insurance, and security also get a chance to flourish.

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