Articles:
A type of determiner that is followed by a noun. a or an and the are called articles.
Indefinite article:
a or an is known as indefinite articles because they usually leave the person or thing spoken of indefinite.
There are 26 letters and 44 sounds in the English language. There are 20 vowel sounds and 24 consonant sounds. "a" is used with a countable noun that starts with a consonant sound while "an" is used with a countable noun that starts with a vowel sound.
Note: Indefinite articles are used before singular countable nouns
→ When the word starts with the vowel sound "an" is used:
e.g. an apple, an orange, an umbrella, an enemy, etc.
→ While some word has an initial consonant that is not pronounced "an" is used:
e.g. an hour, an honest man, an heir, an honorable citizen, etc.
in an hour, honest, heir, and honorable the initial consonant is not pronounced (silent).
→ When the sound of a word starts with the consonant sound "a" is used
e.g. a boy, a singer, a TV, a girl, a man, a bag, etc.
→ When the sound of a word starts with the sound of "yu" or w "a" is used
e.g. a university, a union, a European, a one, etc.
The sound of university, union, and European start with "yu" and one with "w"
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Test No. 1:
Read the given paragraph and notice the use of articles.
There were dark clouds in the sky. I took an umbrella and walked to the market. I bought ice cream from the shop. I saw a cat near a tree outside that shop. She looked hungry. I bought a packet of biscuits and broke them into pieces. Then I gave these biscuits to her. She ate them thankfully.
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Test No. 2:
Vi. Tick (✔) the correct option.
- There is _____ book on the table. (a or an)
- Sara had _____ egg for breakfast. (a or an)
- Please give me _____ apple. (a or an)
- I saw _____ small cat in the park. (a or an)
- Maria bought _____ umbrella. (a or an)
Test No. 3:
Vi. Tick (✔) the correct option.
- Asia is the largest continent in the world. (an/the)
- My cousin is a doctor. (the/a)
- There is an orange. (a/an)
- Bring me a bottle. (a/an) Sadia is an honest girl. (a/an)
- He quickly ate the cake (the/an)
Definite (which can be defined) article: the.
"the" is called the definite article because it normally points out some particular person or thing i.e. "the" is used to describe particular nouns. "the" is used both with countable nouns as well as with uncountable nouns.
Examples:
He saw the doctor. (i.e he met a particular doctor)
the Sun, the moon, the Earth, the continent of Asia, etc.
→ Before the known things or which have been previously mentioned:
- I have a parrot. The parrot is green.
- Do you know where I left the keys?
→ Before singular nouns representing the whole class:
- The horse is a noble animal.
- The rose is the sweetest of all flowers.
- She has given a lot of money to the poor.
→ Before singular countable nouns, plural countable nouns, and uncountable nouns.
e.g. the book, the milk, the boy, etc.
Put some ice in the juice.
The book can be our best friend.
→Before some proper names (Name of rivers, mountain ranges, deserts, groups of islands, canals, and oceans) :
the pacific, the Sahara, the Indus, the Himalayas, the Irish republic, the United Kingdom, etc.
- Their ship crossed the Atlantic in three days.
- They caught fish from the Ravi.
- Hiking across the Himalayas would be difficult.
→ Before some famous buildings, museums, or monuments:
- We went to the Lahore Museum.
- Sara visited the Faisal Mosque.
The Holy Quran, the Wonderful Wizard of Oz, etc.
- Nida reads the Holy Quran daily in the morning.
- The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is an American children's novel.
→ Before the names of people or things unique to their kind
the Sun, the ocean, the sea, the earth, the sky, etc.
- Clouds drifted across the sky.
- The sun sets at 7 o'clock in the evening.
→ Before superlatives of adjective and ordinal numbers:
The funniest, the most beautiful, the greatest, the third, etc.
- The darkest cloud has a silver lining.
- This is the best book in Urdu.
- This is the third time I have called you today.
Examples with explanation:
1. This is a university. ⟶ Here, the first letter is a vowel but the sound is of consonant "yu".
2. He registered an FIR. ⟶ Here, the first letter is consonant but the sound is a vowel.
3. The gold of Saudi Arabia is very precious. ⟶ Here, gold is an abstract noun that does not take the article in normal circumstances but "the" is used with it to make it specific and definite.
Shortcut Links For:
2. 5th Class: Social Study (S.St.) Notes
3. 5th Class: General Science (G.Sc.) Notes
4. 5th Class: Urdu (اُردو) Notes
5. 5th Class: Islamiyat (اسلامیات) Notes
6. 5th Class: Mathematics Notes
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2. 5th Class: Social Study (S.St.) Notes
3. 5th Class: General Science (G.Sc.) Notes
4. 5th Class: Urdu (اُردو) Notes
5. 5th Class: Islamiyat (اسلامیات) Notes
6. 5th Class: Mathematics Notes
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