Class 6 General Science (G.Sc.) Notes: - Unit-5: Atoms, Molecules, Mixture and Compound: Solved Short Questions and Answers

General Science (G.Sc.) Class 6 Notes

Based on the Single National Curriculum, PK

(New Book/New Syllabus for 2023-2024 Exams and onward)

National Book Foundation
as
Federal Textbook Boards, Islamabad

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Q. "Write Short Answers"

Q(i).  Define matter and give examples.

Ans: We see many things around us. Some are big and some are small. All things are called matter. The matter is made of atoms.

Example: Dust particles, chair, table.

Q(ii).  Define atom.

Ans: An atom is the smallest particle of matter which take part in a chemical reaction. The word atom means indivisible.

Q(iii).  What is the composition of the atom?

Ans: 

Atoms are made of fundamental particles called electrons, protons, and neutrons. These particles are even smaller than the atoms.

Q(iv). What is a molecule and give example?

Ans: Two or more atoms can join together to form large particles of matter called molecules.

Q(v). Define the element and give example.

Ans: The matter consisting of only one kind of atom is called an element. Example: Gold, silver, copper.

Q(vi). How many elements are known to scientists?

Ans: There are 109 elements known to scientists. Around 92 elements are known to naturally.

Q(vii). Give three elements state of matter.

Ans: 

1- Iron: is a solid element. 

2- Mercury: is a liquid element. 

3- Oxygen: is a gas element.

Q(viii). Give some properties of metals.

Ans: Most of the metals are shiny. They can be moulded and shaped by heating and pressing. Metals are good conductors of electricity.

Q(ix). Describe five common metal names?

Ans: 

Aluminum (Al)           Iron (Fe)
Calcium (Ca)             Lead (Pb)
Copper (Ca)              Mercury (Hg)

Q(x). Define non-metals and give example.

Ans: The elements other than metals are called non-metals. Non-metals can be solids, liquids, and gasses. Example: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H)

Q(xi). Describe 6 non-metal names.

Ans: 

Carbon (C) Chlorine (Cl) Hydrogen (H)

Nitrogen (N) Oxygen (O) Sulphur (S)

Q(xii). Give three uses of metals.

Ans: 

• Mercury is found in a liquid state. Mercury is filled in (liquid state) thermometers to measure temperature.
• Most metals are hard solids. For example, iron is used to make steel. The steel is then used for making trains, ships, and surgical instruments
• Metals are used to make sheets, wires, and springs due to their strength.

Q(xiii). Give four uses of non-metals.

Ans: 

Phosphorus is used in the match industry.

Oxygen gas is used in hospitals.

Carbon as diamond is used in jewelry.

Graphite is used by mixing with day-in pencils.

Q(xiv). Define the compound and give example.

Ans: When two or more elements combine chemically in a fixed ratio, a compound is formed.

Example: Water is a compound made of the elements hydrogen and oxygen.

Q(xv). Define the mixture and give its types?

Ans: When two or more substances are mixed in such a way that no chemical changes take place, the combination is called a mixture.

Types: Homogeneous mixture, Heterogeneous mixture.

Q(xvi). Define a Homogeneous mixture and give example.

Ans: A homogeneous mixture has a uniform appearance throughout. For example A mixture of sugar or salt dissolved in water.

Q(xvii). Define heterogeneous mixture and give example.

Ans: A heterogeneous mixture does not have a uniform appearance throughout.

For example A mixture of oil and water.

Q(xviii). Give uses of carbon dioxide.

Ans: Carbon dioxide is a mixture of carbon and oxygen. Plants use it to make food. It is used to make urea and bread. It is also filled with soda bottles.

Q(xix). What is sodium chloride and give uses?

Ans: Sodium chloride is commonly known as table salt. It is a compound of sodium and chlorine elements. People we it to preserve fish and pickles. We add to it our food to make it salty.

Q(xx). What is a Tincture of iodine?

Ans: The tincture of iodine is a mixture of iodine and alcohol. We apply it on a cut to kill the germs.

Q(xxi). What is filtration and give example?

Ans: Filtration is a method in which we use filter paper or filter cloth separate insoluble solids of a mixture from a liquid.

Example: We use a strainer for separating tea leaves from tea.

Q(xxii). Define sublimation and give an equation.

Ans:  The process in which a solid on heating directly changes into gas a vapour state is called sublimation.

Q(xxiii). Define distillation and give uses?

Ans: Distillation is the method by which two or more liquids in a solution are separated by boiling off the liquid with the lower boiling point and condensing it in another container. Uses: In an oil refinery the method of distillation is used to separate components of crude oil.

Q(xxiv). Define chromatography.

Ans: Chromatography is the separation of coloured chemicals. It works because some components of a mixture are more soluble than others.

Class 6 Science Notes, Class 6 Science unit-5 Notes, 

Class 6 G.Sc Notes

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