Physical Quantities and Measurement – 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs with Solutions | ECAT, MDCAT & Engineering Entry Tests

100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (Level -2) on Physical Quantities and Measurement, Physics (Unit-Wise MCQs Practice):

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👉Physics MCQs Hub – Unit wise Physics MCQs Practice (Main-Page)👈

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Whether you are preparing for board examinations, chapter tests, college assessments, or competitive entrance exams (MDCAT, ECAT, NUST, PIEAS, GIKI, UET, FAST, and other engineering or medical admission tests), this comprehensive MCQ collection is designed to help you master Physical Quantities and Measurement. The questions are arranged progressively—from basic concepts to advanced numerical problems and higher-order thinking—ensuring complete and systematic preparation for every type of examination.

This chapter-wise MCQ collection includes:

• 100 Basic MCQs (1 to 100) – Covering fundamental concepts, definitions, SI units, measuring instruments, scientific notation, and significant figures.
• 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (101 - 200) – Focusing on calculations, unit conversions, dimensional analysis, uncertainty, experimental errors, and practical applications.
• 50 Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) MCQs (201 - 250) – Designed to strengthen analytical reasoning, conceptual understanding, and problem-solving abilities.
• 50 Challenging MCQs Quiz with Answers (1–50) – Carefully selected conceptual, numerical, and HOTS questions to strengthen problem-solving skills and prepare for board and competitive examinations.

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This MCQ collection covers:

• Fundamental and derived physical quantities
• SI units, prefixes, and standard scientific units
• Measuring instruments and their applications
• Least count, zero error, accuracy, precision, and uncertainty
• Significant figures and scientific notation
• Unit conversions and dimensional analysis
• Experimental errors and methods for improving measurements
• Density, pressure, force, work, and power calculations
• Practical laboratory measurements and instrument selection
• Real-life applications of physical quantities and measurement

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Every MCQ includes the correct answer along with a clear, concept-based explanation to strengthen understanding, improve problem-solving skills, and reinforce key physics concepts.

This question bank helps students to:

• Build a strong conceptual foundation
• Master measurement techniques and SI units
• Improve numerical and analytical problem-solving skills
• Understand dimensional analysis and experimental errors
• Avoid common examination mistakes
• Increase speed, accuracy, and confidence in objective-type questions
• Prepare effectively for both board examinations and competitive entrance tests

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With 250 carefully selected MCQs arranged into 100 Basic, 100 Advanced & Numerical, and 50 HOTS questions, this all-in-one MCQ bank provides complete preparation for Physical Quantities and Measurement. It is an excellent study resource for strengthening concepts, improving exam performance, and achieving success in both school and competitive physics examinations.

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Level-II – 100 Advanced & Numerical MCQs (MCQs 101–200)

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MCQ No. 101

The value 0.004560 contains:

a. 2 significant figures

b. 3 significant figures

c. 4 significant figures

d. 5 significant figures

Correct Answer: c. 4 significant figures

Explanation:
Leading zeros are not significant. The digits 4, 5, 6, and the trailing 0 after the decimal are significant.

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MCQ No. 102

How many significant figures are present in 2050.0?

a. 4

b. 5

c. 6

d. 3

Correct Answer: b. 5

Explanation:
The zero between 2 and 5 is significant, and the trailing zero after the decimal point is also significant. Hence, 2050.0 has 5 significant figures.

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MCQ No. 103

Express 0.0000567 in scientific notation.

a. 5.67 × 10⁻⁵

b. 56.7 × 10⁻⁶

c. 0.567 × 10⁻⁴

d. 5.67 × 10⁵

Correct Answer: a. 5.67 × 10⁻⁵

Explanation:
Move the decimal five places to the right to obtain one non-zero digit before the decimal point.

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MCQ No. 104

Express 7,250,000 in scientific notation.

a. 7.25 × 10⁶

b. 72.5 × 10⁵

c. 0.725 × 10⁷

d. 725 × 10⁴

Correct Answer: a. 7.25 × 10⁶

Explanation:
Scientific notation requires one non-zero digit before the decimal point.

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MCQ No. 105

What is the result of:

$$(2.0\times10^3)\times(3.0\times10^2)$$

a. 6.0 × 10⁵

b. 6.0 × 10⁶

c. 5.0 × 10⁵

d. 6.0 × 10⁴

Correct Answer: a. 6.0 × 10⁵

Explanation:
Multiply the coefficients (2.0 × 3.0 = 6.0) and add the exponents (3 + 2 = 5).

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MCQ No. 106

Evaluate:

$$(8.0\times10^6)\div(2.0\times10^2)$$

a. 4.0 × 10⁴

b. 4.0 × 10⁵

c. 16 × 10⁴

d. 4.0 × 10⁸

Correct Answer: a. 4.0 × 10⁴

Explanation:
Divide the coefficients (8 ÷ 2 = 4) and subtract the exponents (6 − 2 = 4).

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MCQ No. 107

Convert 5 km into metres.

a. 50 m

b. 500 m

c. 5000 m

d. 50,000 m

Correct Answer: c. 5000 m

Explanation:
Since 1 km = 1000 m, therefore 5 km = 5000 m.

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MCQ No. 108

Convert 250 cm into metres.

a. 0.25 m

b. 2.5 m

c. 25 m

d. 2500 m

Correct Answer: b. 2.5 m

Explanation:
Divide by 100 because 100 cm = 1 m.

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MCQ No. 109

Convert 4500 g into kilograms.

a. 0.45 kg

b. 4.5 kg

c. 45 kg

d. 450 kg

Correct Answer: b. 4.5 kg

Explanation:
Since 1000 g = 1 kg, therefore 4500 g = 4.5 kg.

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MCQ No. 110

Convert 3.5 hours into seconds.

a. 10,800 s

b. 12,600 s

c. 13,500 s

d. 14,400 s

Correct Answer: b. 12,600 s

Explanation:
$3.5 \times 3600 = 12,600$ seconds.

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MCQ No. 111

A length is measured as 12.4 cm with an uncertainty of ±0.2 cm. The percentage uncertainty is:

a. 0.62%

b. 1.61%

c. 2.50%

d. 3.20%

Correct Answer: b. 1.61%

Explanation:
Percentage uncertainty = $\frac{0.2}{12.4} \times 100 \approx 1.61\%$ .

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MCQ No. 112

A mass is measured as 250 g ±5 g. The fractional uncertainty is:

a. 0.02

b. 0.05

c. 0.20

d. 0.50

Correct Answer: a. 0.02

Explanation:
Fractional uncertainty = $\frac{5}{250} = 0.02$ .

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MCQ No. 113

The least count of a vernier caliper is 0.01 cm. What is the maximum possible error?

a. ±0.01 cm

b. ±0.005 cm

c. ±0.001 cm

d. ±0.02 cm

Correct Answer: b. ±0.005 cm

Explanation:
Maximum possible error is generally taken as half of the least count.

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MCQ No. 114

A stopwatch has a least count of 0.1 s. The maximum possible error is:

a. ±0.01 s

b. ±0.05 s

c. ±0.10 s

d. ±0.20 s

Correct Answer: b. ±0.05 s

Explanation:
Maximum possible error = Half of the least count = 0.05 s.

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MCQ No. 115

The dimensions of impulse are:

a. [MLT⁻¹]

b. [ML²T⁻²]

c. [MLT⁻²]

d. [LT⁻¹]

Correct Answer: a. [MLT⁻¹]

Explanation:
Impulse = Force × Time = $[MLT^{-2}] \times [T] = [MLT^{-1}]$ .

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MCQ No. 116

The dimensions of torque are:

a. [ML²T⁻²]

b. [MLT⁻²]

c. [ML²T⁻¹]

d. [LT⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [ML²T⁻²]

Explanation:
Torque = Force × Perpendicular distance.

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MCQ No. 117

The dimensions of angular momentum are:

a. [ML²T⁻¹]

b. [MLT⁻¹]

c. [ML²T⁻²]

d. [MLT⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [ML²T⁻¹]

Explanation:
Angular momentum = Momentum × Radius.

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MCQ No. 118

The dimensions of energy are:

a. [ML²T⁻²]

b. [MLT⁻²]

c. [ML²T⁻³]

d. [LT⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [ML²T⁻²]

Explanation:
Energy has the same dimensions as work.

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MCQ No. 119

The dimensions of frequency are:

a. [T]

b. [T⁻¹]

c. [LT⁻¹]

d. [MT⁻¹]

Correct Answer: b. [T⁻¹]

Explanation:
Frequency is the number of cycles per unit time.

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MCQ No. 120

Which equation is dimensionally correct?

a. $v = u + at$ 

b. $v = u + at^2$ 

c. $s = ut + at$ 

d. $F = ma^2$ 

Correct Answer: a. $v = u + at$ 

Explanation:
All terms in an equation must have the same dimensions. In $v = u + at$, each term has dimensions of velocity $[LT^{-1}]$ .

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MCQ No. 121

A student records a length five times and obtains slightly different readings. Which type of error is most likely present?

a. Systematic error

b. Random error

c. Gross error

d. Instrumental error

Correct Answer: b. Random error

Explanation:
Small variations in repeated readings are usually caused by random errors.

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MCQ No. 122

Which of the following improves the accuracy of measurements?

a. Increasing the number of observations only

b. Using a properly calibrated instrument

c. Estimating readings

d. Ignoring zero error

Correct Answer: b. Using a properly calibrated instrument

Explanation:
Calibration helps ensure that measurements are close to the true value, thereby improving accuracy.

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MCQ No. 123

If the measured value is 49.8 cm and the true value is 50.0 cm, the absolute error is:

a. 0.1 cm

b. 0.2 cm

c. 0.4 cm

d. 1.0 cm

Correct Answer: b. 0.2 cm

Explanation:
Absolute error = |Measured value − True value| = |49.8 − 50.0| = 0.2 cm.

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MCQ No. 124

A quantity is measured as 80 ± 4 units. The percentage uncertainty is:

a. 2%

b. 4%

c. 5%

d. 8%

Correct Answer: c. 5%

Explanation:
Percentage uncertainty = $\frac{4}{80} \times 100 = 5\%$ .

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MCQ No. 125

Which statement best describes dimensional analysis?

a. It gives the exact value of every constant.

b. It can verify whether a physical equation is dimensionally consistent.

c. It replaces experimental verification.

d. It determines the unit of only scalar quantities.

Correct Answer: b. It can verify whether a physical equation is dimensionally consistent.

Explanation:
Dimensional analysis is a powerful tool for checking the consistency of physical equations and deriving relationships between physical quantities, but it cannot determine dimensionless constants or replace experimental verification.

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MCQ No. 126

A vernier caliper has 10 vernier divisions equal to 9 main scale divisions. If 1 main scale division = 1 mm, the least count of the vernier caliper is:

a. 0.01 mm

b. 0.1 mm

c. 0.2 mm

d. 1 mm

Correct Answer: b. 0.1 mm

Explanation:
Least Count = 1 MSD − 1 VSD
= 1 mm − 0.9 mm = 0.1 mm

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MCQ No. 127

A screw gauge has a pitch of 0.5 mm and its circular scale has 50 divisions. The least count is:

a. 0.1 mm

b. 0.01 mm

c. 0.02 mm

d. 0.05 mm

Correct Answer: b. 0.01 mm

Explanation:
Least Count = Pitch ÷ Number of divisions
= 0.5 ÷ 50 = 0.01 mm

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MCQ No. 128

A vernier caliper has a least count of 0.01 cm. The main scale reading is 3.4 cm and the 6th vernier division coincides. The measured length is:

a. 3.40 cm

b. 3.46 cm

c. 3.60 cm

d. 3.64 cm

Correct Answer: b. 3.46 cm

Explanation:
Reading = Main Scale Reading + (Vernier Coincidence × Least Count)
= 3.40 + (6 × 0.01) = 3.46 cm

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MCQ No. 129

A screw gauge has a least count of 0.01 mm. The pitch scale reads 5.0 mm, and the circular scale coincides at 28 divisions. The diameter is:

a. 5.18 mm

b. 5.28 mm

c. 5.38 mm

d. 5.08 mm

Correct Answer: b. 5.28 mm

Explanation:
Diameter = Pitch Scale Reading + (Circular Scale Reading × Least Count)
= 5.00 + (28 × 0.01) = 5.28 mm

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MCQ No. 130

A measurement of 12.50 cm is recorded using a vernier caliper of least count 0.01 cm. The maximum possible error is:

a. ±0.10 cm

b. ±0.05 cm

c. ±0.005 cm

d. ±0.001 cm

Correct Answer: c. ±0.005 cm

Explanation:
Maximum possible error = Half of the least count = ±0.005 cm

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MCQ No. 131

The dimensional formula of gravitational constant G is:

a. [M⁻¹L³T⁻²]

b. [ML²T⁻²]

c. [MLT⁻²]

d. [L³T⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [M⁻¹L³T⁻²]

Explanation:
From Newton's law of gravitation,

$$F=\frac{GMm}{r^2}$$

Therefore, the dimensions of $G$  are [M⁻¹L³T⁻²].

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MCQ No. 132

The dimensional formula of Planck's constant h is:

a. [ML²T⁻¹]

b. [ML²T⁻²]

c. [MLT⁻¹]

d. [ML³T⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [ML²T⁻¹]

Explanation:
Since $E = hf$ ,

$$h=\frac{E}{f}$$

Therefore, dimensions of $h$ are [ML²T⁻¹].

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MCQ No. 133

The dimensional formula of the universal gas constant R is:

a. [ML²T⁻²K⁻¹mol⁻¹]

b. [MLT⁻²]

c. [ML²T⁻³]

d. [ML⁻¹T⁻²]

Correct Answer: a. [ML²T⁻²K⁻¹mol⁻¹]

Explanation:
The gas constant relates energy per mole per kelvin.

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MCQ No. 134

Which of the following has the same dimensions as work?

a. Torque

b. Momentum

c. Pressure

d. Impulse

Correct Answer: a. Torque

Explanation:
Torque and work have the same dimensions [ML²T⁻²], although they represent different physical quantities.

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MCQ No. 135

Which pair has the same dimensions?

a. Pressure and Stress

b. Force and Power

c. Energy and Momentum

d. Velocity and Acceleration

Correct Answer: a. Pressure and Stress

Explanation:
Both pressure and stress are force per unit area and have dimensions [ML⁻¹T⁻²].

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MCQ No. 136

The dimensions of Young's modulus are the same as those of:

a. Energy

b. Pressure

c. Force

d. Power

Correct Answer: b. Pressure

Explanation:
Young's modulus = Stress / Strain. Since strain is dimensionless, Young's modulus has the same dimensions as pressure.

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MCQ No. 137

If the radius of a sphere is measured with a 2% error, the percentage error in its volume is:

a. 2%

b. 4%

c. 6%

d. 8%

Correct Answer: c. 6%

Explanation:
Since $V \propto r^3$ , percentage error in volume = $3 \times 2\% = 6\%$ .

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MCQ No. 138

If the side of a cube has a 5% error, the percentage error in its volume is:

a. 5%

b. 10%

c. 15%

d. 20%

Correct Answer: c. 15%

Explanation:
Since $V \propto a^3$, the percentage error in volume is three times the percentage error in the side.

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MCQ No. 139

If the length and breadth of a rectangle have percentage errors of 2% and 3%, respectively, the percentage error in its area is:

a. 1%

b. 5%

c. 6%

d. 8%

Correct Answer: b. 5%

Explanation:
For multiplication, percentage errors are added:
2% + 3% = 5%.

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MCQ No. 140

If the radius of a circle has a 4% error, the percentage error in its area is:

a. 2%

b. 4%

c. 6%

d. 8%

Correct Answer: d. 8%

Explanation:
Since $A \propto r^2$ , percentage error in area = $2 \times 4\% = 8\%$ .

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MCQ No. 141

A student writes 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s for the speed of light. The number of significant figures is:

a. 1

b. 2

c. 3

d. 4

Correct Answer: c. 3

Explanation:
The coefficient 3.00 has three significant figures.

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MCQ No. 142

Which reading is the most precise?

a. 2.5 m

b. 2.50 m

c. 2.500 m

d. 2 m

Correct Answer: c. 2.500 m

Explanation:
The measurement with the greatest number of significant figures is the most precise.

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MCQ No. 143

Which measurement has the highest precision?

a. 8 cm

b. 8.0 cm

c. 8.00 cm

d. 8.000 cm

Correct Answer: d. 8.000 cm

Explanation:
More significant figures indicate greater precision in measurement.

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MCQ No. 144

The equation $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$  is dimensionally:

a. Incorrect

b. Correct

c. Incomplete

d. Undefined

Correct Answer: b. Correct

Explanation:
Each term has the dimensions of length $[L]$, so the equation is dimensionally consistent.

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MCQ No. 145

Which quantity has dimensions [ML⁻¹T⁻²]?

a. Force

b. Pressure

c. Energy

d. Momentum

Correct Answer: b. Pressure

Explanation:
Pressure = Force ÷ Area.

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MCQ No. 146

Which quantity has dimensions [ML²T⁻²]?

a. Work

b. Pressure

c. Density

d. Acceleration

Correct Answer: a. Work

Explanation:
Work = Force × Distance.

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MCQ No. 147

The SI unit of the gravitational constant G is:

a. N m² kg⁻²

b. N kg² m⁻²

c. kg N⁻²

d. m² kg N⁻¹

Correct Answer: a. N m² kg⁻²

Explanation:
This is the standard SI unit derived from Newton's law of gravitation.

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MCQ No. 148

The SI unit of Planck's constant is:

a. J s

b. N s

c. W s

d. J m

Correct Answer: a. J s

Explanation:
Planck's constant is measured in joule-second (J·s).

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MCQ No. 149

If a quantity is proportional to $r^4$ , and the percentage error in $r$ is 3%, then the percentage error in the quantity is:

a. 3%

b. 6%

c. 9%

d. 12%

Correct Answer: d. 12%

Explanation:
For powers, the percentage error is multiplied by the exponent: $4 \times 3\% = 12\%$ .

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MCQ No. 150

Which of the following best explains why repeated measurements are taken in experiments?

a. To increase the least count

b. To reduce random errors and improve reliability

c. To eliminate systematic errors completely

d. To change the unit of measurement

Correct Answer: b. To reduce random errors and improve reliability

Explanation:
Repeated measurements allow the average value to be calculated, reducing the effect of random errors and improving the reliability of the result.

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MCQ No. 151

A body has a mass of 2.5 kg and accelerates at 4 m s⁻². The force acting on it is:

a. 6 N

b. 8 N

c. 10 N

d. 12 N

Correct Answer: c. 10 N

Explanation:
Using Newton's Second Law,

$$F = ma = 2.5 \times 4 = 10\,\text{N}$$

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MCQ No. 152

A force of 20 N acts on an object and produces a displacement of 5 m in the direction of the force. The work done is:

a. 25 J

b. 50 J

c. 100 J

d. 200 J

Correct Answer: c. 100 J

Explanation:

$$W = Fs = 20 \times 5 = 100\,\text{J}$$

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MCQ No. 153

A machine performs 600 J of work in 30 s. Its power is:

a. 10 W

b. 15 W

c. 20 W

d. 30 W

Correct Answer: c. 20 W

Explanation:

$$P=\frac{W}{t}=\frac{600}{30}=20\,\text{W}$$

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MCQ No. 154

A cube has a side length of 4 cm. Its volume is:

a. 16 cm³

b. 32 cm³

c. 64 cm³

d. 128 cm³

Correct Answer: c. 64 cm³

Explanation:

$$V=a^3=4^3=64\,\text{cm}^3$$

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MCQ No. 155

The density of an object of mass 540 g and volume 60 cm³ is:

a. 7 g/cm³

b. 8 g/cm³

c. 9 g/cm³

d. 10 g/cm³

Correct Answer: c. 9 g/cm³

Explanation:

$$\rho=\frac{m}{V}=\frac{540}{60}=9\,\text{g/cm}^3$$

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MCQ No. 156

A force of 120 N acts over an area of 6 m². The pressure produced is:

a. 10 Pa

b. 20 Pa

c. 30 Pa

d. 40 Pa

Correct Answer: b. 20 Pa

Explanation:

$$P=\frac{F}{A}=\frac{120}{6}=20\,\text{Pa}$$

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MCQ No. 157

Which equation is NOT dimensionally correct?

a. $v=u+at$ 

b. $F=ma$ 

c. $P=\frac{W}{t}$

d. $s=ut+a t$ 

Correct Answer: d. $s=ut+a t$ 

Explanation:
The term $at$ has dimensions of velocity, whereas $s$ and $ut$ have dimensions of length. Therefore, the equation is not dimensionally correct.

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MCQ No. 158

The dimensional formula of the spring constant $k$ is:

a. $[MLT^{-2}]$ 

b. $[MT^{-2}]$ 

c. $[ML^{-1}T^{-2}]$ 

d. $[ML^2T^{-2}]$ 

Correct Answer: c. $[ML^{-1}T^{-2}]$ 

Explanation:
Since $F=kx$ ,

$$k=\frac{F}{x} =\frac{[MLT^{-2}]}{[L]} =[ML^{-1}T^{-2}]$$

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MCQ No. 159

The dimensional formula of the coefficient of viscosity is:

a. $[ML^{-1}T^{-1}]$ 

b. $[MLT^{-2}]$ 

c. $[ML^2T^{-1}]$ 

d. $[MT^{-2}]$ 

Correct Answer: a. $[ML^{-1}T^{-1}]$ 

Explanation:
The SI unit of dynamic viscosity is Pa·s, giving dimensions [ML⁻¹T⁻¹].

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MCQ No. 160

The dimensional formula of surface tension is:

a. $[M{T}^{-2}]$

b. $[ML{T}^{-2}]$

c. $[ML^{-1}T^{-2}]$ 

d. $[M{L}^2{T}^{-2}]$

Correct Answer: a. $[MT^{-2}]$ 

Explanation:
Surface tension is force per unit length:

$$\frac{[MLT^{-2}]}{[L]}=[MT^{-2}]$$

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MCQ No. 161

If a measured value is 80 ± 2 cm, the relative (fractional) uncertainty is:

a. 0.015

b. 0.020

c. 0.025

d. 0.050

Correct Answer: c. 0.025

Explanation:

$$\frac{2}{80}=0.025$$

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MCQ No. 162

The percentage uncertainty in the measurement 50 ± 1 cm is:

a. 1%

b. 2%

c. 3%

d. 5%

Correct Answer: b. 2%

Explanation:

$$\frac{1}{50}\times100=2\%$$

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MCQ No. 163

A length is measured as 25.0 cm and a width as 12.0 cm. The area is:

a. 300 cm²

b. 300.0 cm²

c. 3.00 × 10² cm²

d. All of the above represent the same value, but 300 cm² is the appropriate reported result.

Correct Answer: d. All of the above represent the same value, but 300 cm² is the appropriate reported result.

Explanation:
The calculation gives $25.0 \times 12.0 = 300.0$ , but the answer should be reported with 3 significant figures, i.e., 300 cm² (or $3.00 \times 10^2$  cm²).

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MCQ No. 164

One micrometre (µm) is equal to:

a. $10^{-3}$  m

b. $10^{-6}$  m

c. $10^{-9}$  m

d. $10^{-12}$  m

Correct Answer: b. $10^{-6}$  m

Explanation:
The SI prefix micro (µ) means $10^{-6}$ .

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MCQ No. 165

One nanometre (nm) is equal to:

a. $10^{-6}$  m

b. $10^{-7}$  m

c. $10^{-8}$  m

d. $10^{-9}$  m

Correct Answer: d. $10^{-9}$  m

Explanation:
The SI prefix nano (n) means one-billionth or $10^{-9}$ .

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MCQ No. 166

Convert 72 km h⁻¹ into m s⁻¹.

a. 18

b. 20

c. 22

d. 25

Correct Answer: b. 20

Explanation:

$$72\times\frac{1000}{3600}=20\,\text{m s}^{-1}$$

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MCQ No. 167

Convert 15 m s⁻¹ into km h⁻¹.

a. 36

b. 42

c. 48

d. 54

Correct Answer: d. 54

Explanation:
Multiply by 3.6:

$$15\times3.6=54\,\text{km h}^{-1}$$

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MCQ No. 168

The SI unit of dynamic viscosity is:

a. Pa·s

b. N

c. J

d. W

Correct Answer: a. Pa·s

Explanation:
Dynamic viscosity is measured in pascal-second (Pa·s).

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MCQ No. 169

The SI unit of surface tension is:

a. N

b. N m

c. N m⁻¹

d. Pa

Correct Answer: c. N m⁻¹

Explanation:
Surface tension is force per unit length.

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MCQ No. 170

The SI unit of momentum is:

a. kg m s⁻¹

b. N

c. J

d. Pa

Correct Answer: a. kg m s⁻¹

Explanation:
Momentum = Mass × Velocity.

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MCQ No. 171

The dimensional formula of angular velocity is:

a. $[T^{-1}]$

b. $[LT^{-1}]$ 

c. $[L]$ 

d. Dimensionless

Correct Answer: a. $[T^{-1}]$

Explanation:
Angular velocity is angle per unit time. Since angle is dimensionless, the dimensions are $[T^{-1}]$ .

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MCQ No. 172

A student repeats an experiment ten times and calculates the average value. This primarily helps to reduce:

a. Systematic error

b. Instrumental error

c. Random error

d. Zero error

Correct Answer: c. Random error

Explanation:
Averaging repeated observations minimizes the effect of random variations.

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MCQ No. 173

Which instrument is most suitable for measuring the thickness of a coin?

a. Measuring tape

b. Meter rule

c. Vernier caliper

d. Micrometer screw gauge

Correct Answer: d. Micrometer screw gauge

Explanation:
A micrometer screw gauge has a smaller least count than a vernier caliper, making it ideal for measuring thin objects like coins.

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MCQ No. 174

The SI unit of stress is:

a. N

b. N m⁻¹

c. Pa

d. J

Correct Answer: c. Pa

Explanation:
Stress is force per unit area and is measured in pascals (Pa).

---

MCQ No. 175

A student measures the diameter of a wire using both a metre rule and a micrometer screw gauge. Which instrument gives the more reliable result?

a. Metre rule

b. Micrometer screw gauge

c. Both are equally reliable

d. The result depends only on the observer

Correct Answer: b. Micrometer screw gauge

Explanation:
A micrometer screw gauge has a much smaller least count (typically 0.01 mm) than a metre rule, making it significantly more precise for measuring very small dimensions.

---

MCQ No. 176

A force of 50 N acts on an object over an area of 0.25 m². The pressure exerted is:

a. 100 Pa

b. 150 Pa

c. 200 Pa

d. 250 Pa

Correct Answer: c. 200 Pa

Explanation:

$$P=\frac{F}{A}=\frac{50}{0.25}=200\,\text{Pa}$$

---

MCQ No. 177

A body travels 360 km in 5 hours. Its average speed is:

a. 60 km/h

b. 70 km/h

c. 72 km/h

d. 75 km/h

Correct Answer: c. 72 km/h

Explanation:

$$\text{Speed}=\frac{360}{5}=72\,\text{km/h}$$

---

MCQ No. 178

A length is measured as 25.6 cm ± 0.2 cm. The percentage uncertainty is approximately:

a. 0.39%

b. 0.78%

c. 1.56%

d. 2.00%

Correct Answer: b. 0.78%

Explanation:

$$\frac{0.2}{25.6}\times100=0.781\%\approx0.78\%$$

---

MCQ No. 179

A vernier caliper has a least count of 0.02 mm. What is its maximum possible error?

a. ±0.02 mm

b. ±0.01 mm

c. ±0.005 mm

d. ±0.002 mm

Correct Answer: b. ±0.01 mm

Explanation:
Maximum possible error is equal to half of the least count.

---

MCQ No. 180

The dimensions of pressure divided by density are the same as those of:

a. Velocity²

b. Force

c. Power

d. Momentum

Correct Answer: a. Velocity²

Explanation:

$$\frac{[ML^{-1}T^{-2}]}{[ML^{-3}]} =[L^2T^{-2}]$$

These are the dimensions of velocity squared.

---

MCQ No. 181

The dimensions of energy divided by force are:

a. Length

b. Area

c. Velocity

d. Time

Correct Answer: a. Length

Explanation:

$$\frac{[ML^2T^{-2}]}{[MLT^{-2}]} =[L]$$

---

MCQ No. 182

The dimensions of momentum divided by mass are:

a. Force

b. Velocity

c. Acceleration

d. Energy

Correct Answer: b. Velocity

Explanation:

$$\frac{[MLT^{-1}]}{[M]} =[LT^{-1}]$$

---

MCQ No. 183

Which physical quantity has the dimensions [L²T⁻²]?

a. Specific energy

b. Momentum

c. Force

d. Pressure

Correct Answer: a. Specific energy

Explanation:
Specific energy (energy per unit mass) has dimensions:

$$\frac{[ML^2T^{-2}]}{[M]} =[L^2T^{-2}]$$

---

MCQ No. 184

If A = BC², where B has 2% uncertainty and C has 3% uncertainty, then the percentage uncertainty in A is:

a. 5%

b. 6%

c. 8%

d. 10%

Correct Answer: c. 8%

Explanation:

Percentage uncertainty

= 2% + (2 × 3%)

= 8%

---

MCQ No. 185

The dimensions of force × velocity are equal to:

a. Work

b. Energy

c. Power

d. Momentum

Correct Answer: c. Power

Explanation:

$$[MLT^{-2}] \times [LT^{-1}] = [ML^2T^{-3}]$$

These are the dimensions of power.

---

MCQ No. 186

The dimensions of pressure × volume are equal to:

a. Force

b. Momentum

c. Energy

d. Density

Correct Answer: c. Energy

Explanation:

Pressure × Volume

=
Force × Distance

=
Work (Energy)

---

MCQ No. 187

The SI unit of power is:

a. Joule

b. Newton

c. Watt

d. Pascal

Correct Answer: c. Watt

Explanation:
Power is measured in watts (W).

---

MCQ No. 188

The SI unit of energy is:

a. Newton

b. Joule

c. Watt

d. Pascal

Correct Answer: b. Joule

Explanation:
The joule (J) is the SI unit of work and energy.

---

MCQ No. 189

The SI unit of pressure is:

a. Newton

b. Joule

c. Pascal

d. Watt

Correct Answer: c. Pascal

Explanation:
Pressure is measured in pascals (Pa).

---

MCQ No. 190

Which SI derived unit is equal to kg m² s⁻³?

a. Joule

b. Watt

c. Newton

d. Pascal

Correct Answer: b. Watt

Explanation:

$$1\,W = 1\,kg\,m^2\,s^{-3}$$

---

MCQ No. 191

Which SI derived unit is equal to kg m s⁻²?

a. Joule

b. Watt

c. Newton

d. Pascal

Correct Answer: c. Newton

Explanation:

$$1\,N = 1\,kg\,m\,s^{-2}$$

---

MCQ No. 192

Which SI derived unit is equal to kg m⁻¹ s⁻²?

a. Newton

b. Joule

c. Pascal

d. Watt

Correct Answer: c. Pascal

Explanation:

$$1\,Pa = 1\,kg\,m^{-1}\,s^{-2}$$

---

MCQ No. 193

The SI unit of frequency is:

a. Hertz

b. Newton

c. Joule

d. Tesla

Correct Answer: a. Hertz

Explanation:
Frequency is measured in hertz (Hz).

---

MCQ No. 194

The SI unit of electric charge is:

a. Ampere

b. Volt

c. Coulomb

d. Ohm

Correct Answer: c. Coulomb

Explanation:
The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C).

---

MCQ No. 195

Which one of the following is NOT a limitation of dimensional analysis?

a. It cannot determine numerical constants.

b. It cannot distinguish between quantities having the same dimensions.

c. It can prove that an equation is always physically correct.

d. It cannot derive equations involving trigonometric functions.

Correct Answer: c. It can prove that an equation is always physically correct.

Explanation:
Dimensional analysis cannot prove that an equation is physically correct. It can only test dimensional consistency.

---

MCQ No. 196

Which pair has identical dimensions?

a. Work and Torque

b. Force and Pressure

c. Power and Momentum

d. Velocity and Acceleration

Correct Answer: a. Work and Torque

Explanation:
Both have dimensions [ML²T⁻²], although they represent different physical concepts.

---

MCQ No. 197

The SI base unit of luminous intensity is:

a. Lumen

b. Lux

c. Candela

d. Watt

Correct Answer: c. Candela

Explanation:
Candela (cd) is one of the seven SI base units.

---

MCQ No. 198

The SI base unit of thermodynamic temperature is:

a. Celsius

b. Fahrenheit

c. Kelvin

d. Rankine

Correct Answer: c. Kelvin

Explanation:
The SI base unit of temperature is the kelvin (K).

---

MCQ No. 199

Which one of the following is an SI base unit?

a. Newton

b. Joule

c. Mole

d. Pascal

Correct Answer: c. Mole

Explanation:
The mole (mol) is one of the seven SI base units. The others listed are derived units.

---

MCQ No. 200

A student obtains the same incorrect reading in every trial because the measuring instrument has a zero error. This is an example of:

a. Random error

b. Personal error

c. Systematic error

d. Gross error

Correct Answer: c. Systematic error

Explanation:
A zero error produces a consistent deviation in every measurement, making it a systematic error.

---

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