Pronoun and Kinds of pronoun --- - Easy English Grammar Notes

PRONOUN

It is a word that is used in place of a noun. For example, I, we, you, he, she, it, and they.

CASES OF PRONOUN:

The case of the pronoun tells us in which sense it is used in a sentence. It tells us which subjective case of pronoun is used as a subject or objective case of pronoun is used as an object in a sentence. The possessive case of the pronoun is used to show possession.

These pronouns have the following cases:

	Subjective Case	Possessive Case	Objective Case
1^st Person	I	Mine	Me
1^st Person	We	Ours	Us
2^nd Person	You	Yours	You
3^rd Person	He	His	Him
	She	Hers	Her
	It	Its	It
	They	Their	Them

Examples:

1. I helped him. "I" as a subject and "him" as an object in the sentence.

2. He helped me. "He" as a subject and "Me" as an object in the sentence.

3. You told me "you" as a subject and "Me" as an object in the sentence.

4. They advised you. "They" as a subject and "you" as an object in the sentence.

5. She bought a book. "He" as a subject in the sentence.

6. It made me confident. "it" as a subject and "me" as an object in the sentence

7. I sold it. "I" as a subject and "it" as an object in the sentence.

Important Note:

Some pronouns are used as an adjective. They are my, your, his, her, their, and its.

Kinds of Pronouns:

1. Personal Pronouns:

They are the pronouns that are used in place of nouns.

For example: I, we, you, they, he, and she.

2. Impersonal Pronoun:

"it" is called an impersonal pronoun when it works as an empty subject.

Examples:

1. It rains.
3. It is 7 O'clock.
2. It is raining.

3. Emphatic Pronoun: (used after subject or object)

These are the pronouns that emphasize the subject.

Examples:

1. I myself completed my work.
2. He himself invited me to tea.
3. We left Lahore ourselves.
4. You telephoned me yourself.

4. Reflexive Pronouns: (used after a verb)

They repeat the subject; with a reflexive pronoun, the subject and the object are the same. i.e. When the action done by the subject turns back (reflects) upon the subject.

Examples:

1. I hurt myself.

2. He hurt himself.
3. He avails himself of every opportunity.
4. He saw himself in the mirror.
5. We enjoyed ourselves at the zoo.

6. The cat licks itself.
7. I will go myself.
8. Ali has hurt himself.
9. We hide ourselves.

5. Demonstrative Pronoun:

They are used to point out the objects to which they refer. This, that, those, and these are called demonstrative pronouns.

Examples:

1. This is a book.
2. That was his fault.
3. These are students.
4. Those are players.

5. This book is mine.

6. Those pens are yours.

7. What was that noise?

8. These chocolate are yours.

6. Indefinite Pronouns:

Definite means clear (exact) and indefinite means unclear (inexact).

Indefinite pronouns refer to persons or things in a general way but don't refer to any particular person or thing.

Examples:

Someone, anyone, no-one, everyone, somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody, something, anything, nothing, everything, somewhere, no-where, anywhere, everywhere, less, much, one, any, all, more, most, some, such, either, neither, each, little, both, few, many, none, other, several.

7. Distributive Pronoun:

These pronouns are individually meant; it means they are used singly or refer to a person or things one at a time. For example, all, both, each, every, either, and neither are distributive pronouns.

1. Each will be given a pen.
2. Everyone will have a gift.
3. Neither is reliable.
4. Both will leave for Lahore
5. All are not Saints

6. Each of the boys gets a prize.
7. Either of you can go.
8. The brothers quarreled with each other.
9. Neither of the roads leads to the railway station.

8. Reciprocal Pronoun:

Each other and one another are called reciprocal pronouns. Each other is used for two persons, things, and animals while one another is used for more than two.

1. Ali and Ahmad fought with each other
2. They did not trust one another.

9. Interrogative Pronoun:

Who, whose, whom, which and what are called interrogative pronouns when they are used to ask questions in a single sentence.

1. Who is knocking at the door?

2. Whom do you like to talk to?

3. Which book have you read?

4. What are you doing?

10. Relative Pronoun:

They are the same pronouns which are called interrogative pronouns but they introduce clauses. For example

1. The boy who misbehaved is not my student.

2. He is the person whose name is not known to me.

3. He asked me about the book which I had bought.

Easy English Grammar Notes

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